diff --git a/Gemfile b/Gemfile
index 322cb854..42a41be3 100644
--- a/Gemfile
+++ b/Gemfile
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 source 'https://rubygems.org'
 
 # rails-assets requires >= 1.8.4
diff --git a/Guardfile b/Guardfile
index 3f92b1a3..b9a87fa2 100644
--- a/Guardfile
+++ b/Guardfile
@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
 #!/usr/bin/ruby
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 #
 # More info at https://github.com/guard/guard#readme
 
diff --git a/Rakefile b/Rakefile
index 03eb2ca0..aa8eb9ba 100644
--- a/Rakefile
+++ b/Rakefile
@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env rake
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 # Add your own tasks in files placed in lib/tasks ending in .rake,
 # for example lib/tasks/capistrano.rake, and they will automatically be available to Rake.
 
diff --git a/Vagrantfile b/Vagrantfile
index bf3622e4..92f8e4ca 100644
--- a/Vagrantfile
+++ b/Vagrantfile
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 # -*- mode: ruby -*-
 # vi: set ft=ruby :
 
diff --git a/app/controllers/admin/base_controller.rb b/app/controllers/admin/base_controller.rb
index 8c2db1f4..d7dc9af0 100644
--- a/app/controllers/admin/base_controller.rb
+++ b/app/controllers/admin/base_controller.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Admin
   class BaseController < ApplicationController
     before_action :verify_user_admin
diff --git a/app/controllers/admin/booths_controller.rb b/app/controllers/admin/booths_controller.rb
index e41d11d3..7f46c2bd 100644
--- a/app/controllers/admin/booths_controller.rb
+++ b/app/controllers/admin/booths_controller.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Admin
   class BoothsController < Admin::BaseController
     load_and_authorize_resource :conference, find_by: :short_title
diff --git a/app/controllers/admin/campaigns_controller.rb b/app/controllers/admin/campaigns_controller.rb
index 142e07ac..81947727 100644
--- a/app/controllers/admin/campaigns_controller.rb
+++ b/app/controllers/admin/campaigns_controller.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Admin
   class CampaignsController < Admin::BaseController
     load_and_authorize_resource :conference, find_by: :short_title
diff --git a/app/controllers/admin/cfps_controller.rb b/app/controllers/admin/cfps_controller.rb
index 18b493eb..b7a6b36a 100644
--- a/app/controllers/admin/cfps_controller.rb
+++ b/app/controllers/admin/cfps_controller.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Admin
   class CfpsController < Admin::BaseController
     load_and_authorize_resource :conference, find_by: :short_title
diff --git a/app/controllers/admin/comments_controller.rb b/app/controllers/admin/comments_controller.rb
index cb57464d..16c07a6d 100644
--- a/app/controllers/admin/comments_controller.rb
+++ b/app/controllers/admin/comments_controller.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Admin
   class CommentsController < Admin::BaseController
     load_and_authorize_resource
diff --git a/app/controllers/admin/commercials_controller.rb b/app/controllers/admin/commercials_controller.rb
index 1bc587ce..003e04bf 100644
--- a/app/controllers/admin/commercials_controller.rb
+++ b/app/controllers/admin/commercials_controller.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Admin
   class CommercialsController < Admin::BaseController
     load_and_authorize_resource :conference, find_by: :short_title
diff --git a/app/controllers/admin/conferences_controller.rb b/app/controllers/admin/conferences_controller.rb
index 1fc978af..91ab442e 100644
--- a/app/controllers/admin/conferences_controller.rb
+++ b/app/controllers/admin/conferences_controller.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Admin
   class ConferencesController < Admin::BaseController
     load_and_authorize_resource :conference, find_by: :short_title
diff --git a/app/controllers/admin/contacts_controller.rb b/app/controllers/admin/contacts_controller.rb
index 1003e098..a0364251 100644
--- a/app/controllers/admin/contacts_controller.rb
+++ b/app/controllers/admin/contacts_controller.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Admin
   class ContactsController < Admin::BaseController
     load_and_authorize_resource :conference, find_by: :short_title
diff --git a/app/controllers/admin/difficulty_levels_controller.rb b/app/controllers/admin/difficulty_levels_controller.rb
index 7e02412c..30c57452 100644
--- a/app/controllers/admin/difficulty_levels_controller.rb
+++ b/app/controllers/admin/difficulty_levels_controller.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Admin
   class DifficultyLevelsController < Admin::BaseController
     load_and_authorize_resource :conference, find_by: :short_title
diff --git a/app/controllers/admin/emails_controller.rb b/app/controllers/admin/emails_controller.rb
index a4d6fe04..f965e954 100644
--- a/app/controllers/admin/emails_controller.rb
+++ b/app/controllers/admin/emails_controller.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Admin
   class EmailsController < Admin::BaseController
     load_and_authorize_resource :conference, find_by: :short_title
diff --git a/app/controllers/admin/event_schedules_controller.rb b/app/controllers/admin/event_schedules_controller.rb
index 04713093..117ea238 100644
--- a/app/controllers/admin/event_schedules_controller.rb
+++ b/app/controllers/admin/event_schedules_controller.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Admin
   class EventSchedulesController < Admin::BaseController
     load_and_authorize_resource :event_schedule
diff --git a/app/controllers/admin/event_types_controller.rb b/app/controllers/admin/event_types_controller.rb
index 4576ad5d..137e8f00 100644
--- a/app/controllers/admin/event_types_controller.rb
+++ b/app/controllers/admin/event_types_controller.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Admin
   class EventTypesController < Admin::BaseController
     load_and_authorize_resource :conference, find_by: :short_title
diff --git a/app/controllers/admin/events_controller.rb b/app/controllers/admin/events_controller.rb
index 2e9886bf..f1486567 100644
--- a/app/controllers/admin/events_controller.rb
+++ b/app/controllers/admin/events_controller.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Admin
   class EventsController < Admin::BaseController
     load_and_authorize_resource :conference, find_by: :short_title
diff --git a/app/controllers/admin/lodgings_controller.rb b/app/controllers/admin/lodgings_controller.rb
index 85c5ff26..7a095e3d 100644
--- a/app/controllers/admin/lodgings_controller.rb
+++ b/app/controllers/admin/lodgings_controller.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Admin
   class LodgingsController < Admin::BaseController
     load_and_authorize_resource :conference, find_by: :short_title
diff --git a/app/controllers/admin/organizations_controller.rb b/app/controllers/admin/organizations_controller.rb
index aa4f1380..ca1ec5b9 100644
--- a/app/controllers/admin/organizations_controller.rb
+++ b/app/controllers/admin/organizations_controller.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Admin
   class OrganizationsController < Admin::BaseController
     load_and_authorize_resource :organization
diff --git a/app/controllers/admin/physical_tickets_controller.rb b/app/controllers/admin/physical_tickets_controller.rb
index 0fb26ad8..6c0414c6 100644
--- a/app/controllers/admin/physical_tickets_controller.rb
+++ b/app/controllers/admin/physical_tickets_controller.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Admin
   class PhysicalTicketsController < Admin::BaseController
     before_action :authenticate_user!
diff --git a/app/controllers/admin/programs_controller.rb b/app/controllers/admin/programs_controller.rb
index 3d9f66d8..634b0726 100644
--- a/app/controllers/admin/programs_controller.rb
+++ b/app/controllers/admin/programs_controller.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Admin
   class ProgramsController < Admin::BaseController
     load_and_authorize_resource :conference, find_by: :short_title
diff --git a/app/controllers/admin/questions_controller.rb b/app/controllers/admin/questions_controller.rb
index 71abc7a1..1905d36c 100644
--- a/app/controllers/admin/questions_controller.rb
+++ b/app/controllers/admin/questions_controller.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Admin
   class QuestionsController < Admin::BaseController
     load_and_authorize_resource :conference, find_by: :short_title
diff --git a/app/controllers/admin/registration_periods_controller.rb b/app/controllers/admin/registration_periods_controller.rb
index 4e48c013..962c1027 100644
--- a/app/controllers/admin/registration_periods_controller.rb
+++ b/app/controllers/admin/registration_periods_controller.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Admin
   class RegistrationPeriodsController < Admin::BaseController
     load_and_authorize_resource :conference, find_by: :short_title
diff --git a/app/controllers/admin/registrations_controller.rb b/app/controllers/admin/registrations_controller.rb
index 3537cded..fb427d25 100644
--- a/app/controllers/admin/registrations_controller.rb
+++ b/app/controllers/admin/registrations_controller.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Admin
   class RegistrationsController < Admin::BaseController
     load_and_authorize_resource :conference, find_by: :short_title
diff --git a/app/controllers/admin/reports_controller.rb b/app/controllers/admin/reports_controller.rb
index b01a4bdc..b2b0f41c 100644
--- a/app/controllers/admin/reports_controller.rb
+++ b/app/controllers/admin/reports_controller.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Admin
   class ReportsController < Admin::BaseController
     load_and_authorize_resource :conference, find_by: :short_title
diff --git a/app/controllers/admin/resources_controller.rb b/app/controllers/admin/resources_controller.rb
index 89b068c3..af75e428 100644
--- a/app/controllers/admin/resources_controller.rb
+++ b/app/controllers/admin/resources_controller.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Admin
   class ResourcesController < Admin::BaseController
     load_and_authorize_resource :conference, find_by: :short_title
diff --git a/app/controllers/admin/roles_controller.rb b/app/controllers/admin/roles_controller.rb
index ab7be841..98e2e13c 100644
--- a/app/controllers/admin/roles_controller.rb
+++ b/app/controllers/admin/roles_controller.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Admin
   class RolesController < Admin::BaseController
     load_and_authorize_resource :conference, find_by: :short_title
diff --git a/app/controllers/admin/rooms_controller.rb b/app/controllers/admin/rooms_controller.rb
index da7dfc57..c4fac65d 100644
--- a/app/controllers/admin/rooms_controller.rb
+++ b/app/controllers/admin/rooms_controller.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Admin
   class RoomsController < Admin::BaseController
     load_and_authorize_resource :conference, find_by: :short_title
diff --git a/app/controllers/admin/schedules_controller.rb b/app/controllers/admin/schedules_controller.rb
index 9f6c222b..62c87d78 100644
--- a/app/controllers/admin/schedules_controller.rb
+++ b/app/controllers/admin/schedules_controller.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Admin
   class SchedulesController < Admin::BaseController
     # By authorizing 'conference' resource, we can ensure there will be no unauthorized access to
diff --git a/app/controllers/admin/splashpages_controller.rb b/app/controllers/admin/splashpages_controller.rb
index 5f04a67b..fd432cde 100644
--- a/app/controllers/admin/splashpages_controller.rb
+++ b/app/controllers/admin/splashpages_controller.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Admin
   class SplashpagesController < Admin::BaseController
     load_and_authorize_resource :conference, find_by: :short_title
diff --git a/app/controllers/admin/sponsors_controller.rb b/app/controllers/admin/sponsors_controller.rb
index 909c2d7c..68dae0d7 100644
--- a/app/controllers/admin/sponsors_controller.rb
+++ b/app/controllers/admin/sponsors_controller.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Admin
   class SponsorsController < Admin::BaseController
     load_and_authorize_resource :conference, find_by: :short_title
diff --git a/app/controllers/admin/sponsorship_levels_controller.rb b/app/controllers/admin/sponsorship_levels_controller.rb
index 714b1ed5..9f59d4ca 100644
--- a/app/controllers/admin/sponsorship_levels_controller.rb
+++ b/app/controllers/admin/sponsorship_levels_controller.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Admin
   class SponsorshipLevelsController < Admin::BaseController
     load_and_authorize_resource :conference, find_by: :short_title
diff --git a/app/controllers/admin/targets_controller.rb b/app/controllers/admin/targets_controller.rb
index a04925b7..b6e5c490 100644
--- a/app/controllers/admin/targets_controller.rb
+++ b/app/controllers/admin/targets_controller.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Admin
   class TargetsController < Admin::BaseController
     load_and_authorize_resource :conference, find_by: :short_title
diff --git a/app/controllers/admin/ticket_scannings_controller.rb b/app/controllers/admin/ticket_scannings_controller.rb
index 488f28a1..f6637111 100644
--- a/app/controllers/admin/ticket_scannings_controller.rb
+++ b/app/controllers/admin/ticket_scannings_controller.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Admin
   class TicketScanningsController < Admin::BaseController
     before_action :authenticate_user!
diff --git a/app/controllers/admin/tickets_controller.rb b/app/controllers/admin/tickets_controller.rb
index cf6e0f80..6635ed29 100644
--- a/app/controllers/admin/tickets_controller.rb
+++ b/app/controllers/admin/tickets_controller.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Admin
   class TicketsController < Admin::BaseController
     load_and_authorize_resource :conference, find_by: :short_title
diff --git a/app/controllers/admin/tracks_controller.rb b/app/controllers/admin/tracks_controller.rb
index 4692f9a1..7d24e4a3 100644
--- a/app/controllers/admin/tracks_controller.rb
+++ b/app/controllers/admin/tracks_controller.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Admin
   class TracksController < Admin::BaseController
     load_and_authorize_resource :conference, find_by: :short_title
diff --git a/app/controllers/admin/users_controller.rb b/app/controllers/admin/users_controller.rb
index b67792e1..484f0229 100644
--- a/app/controllers/admin/users_controller.rb
+++ b/app/controllers/admin/users_controller.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Admin
   class UsersController < Admin::BaseController
     load_and_authorize_resource
diff --git a/app/controllers/admin/venue_commercials_controller.rb b/app/controllers/admin/venue_commercials_controller.rb
index 20117e15..3be0ec47 100644
--- a/app/controllers/admin/venue_commercials_controller.rb
+++ b/app/controllers/admin/venue_commercials_controller.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Admin
   class VenueCommercialsController < Admin::BaseController
     load_and_authorize_resource :conference, find_by: :short_title
diff --git a/app/controllers/admin/venues_controller.rb b/app/controllers/admin/venues_controller.rb
index ba8531ab..79de3c8f 100644
--- a/app/controllers/admin/venues_controller.rb
+++ b/app/controllers/admin/venues_controller.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Admin
   class VenuesController < Admin::BaseController
     load_and_authorize_resource :conference, find_by: :short_title
diff --git a/app/controllers/admin/versions_controller.rb b/app/controllers/admin/versions_controller.rb
index 5f18da1c..c73a21c7 100644
--- a/app/controllers/admin/versions_controller.rb
+++ b/app/controllers/admin/versions_controller.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Admin
   class VersionsController < Admin::BaseController
     load_resource :conference, find_by: :short_title, only: :index
diff --git a/app/controllers/admin/volunteers_controller.rb b/app/controllers/admin/volunteers_controller.rb
index aefa682a..dc310d17 100644
--- a/app/controllers/admin/volunteers_controller.rb
+++ b/app/controllers/admin/volunteers_controller.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Admin
   class VolunteersController < Admin::BaseController
     include VolunteersHelper
diff --git a/app/controllers/api/base_controller.rb b/app/controllers/api/base_controller.rb
index aaa6f130..619901b2 100644
--- a/app/controllers/api/base_controller.rb
+++ b/app/controllers/api/base_controller.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Api
   class BaseController < ActionController::Base
     protect_from_forgery with: :exception
diff --git a/app/controllers/api/v1/conferences_controller.rb b/app/controllers/api/v1/conferences_controller.rb
index 60578587..45976e97 100644
--- a/app/controllers/api/v1/conferences_controller.rb
+++ b/app/controllers/api/v1/conferences_controller.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Api
   module V1
     class ConferencesController < Api::BaseController
diff --git a/app/controllers/api/v1/events_controller.rb b/app/controllers/api/v1/events_controller.rb
index 1cb01ad9..e818a780 100644
--- a/app/controllers/api/v1/events_controller.rb
+++ b/app/controllers/api/v1/events_controller.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Api
   module V1
     class EventsController < Api::BaseController
diff --git a/app/controllers/api/v1/rooms_controller.rb b/app/controllers/api/v1/rooms_controller.rb
index ecc959fa..56eb7f28 100644
--- a/app/controllers/api/v1/rooms_controller.rb
+++ b/app/controllers/api/v1/rooms_controller.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Api
   module V1
     class RoomsController < Api::BaseController
diff --git a/app/controllers/api/v1/speakers_controller.rb b/app/controllers/api/v1/speakers_controller.rb
index 2706d2e9..92eadb2c 100644
--- a/app/controllers/api/v1/speakers_controller.rb
+++ b/app/controllers/api/v1/speakers_controller.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Api
   module V1
     class SpeakersController < Api::BaseController
diff --git a/app/controllers/api/v1/tracks_controller.rb b/app/controllers/api/v1/tracks_controller.rb
index 48a9450f..49d8094b 100644
--- a/app/controllers/api/v1/tracks_controller.rb
+++ b/app/controllers/api/v1/tracks_controller.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Api
   module V1
     class TracksController < Api::BaseController
diff --git a/app/controllers/application_controller.rb b/app/controllers/application_controller.rb
index 7421a0f0..38310dee 100644
--- a/app/controllers/application_controller.rb
+++ b/app/controllers/application_controller.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class ApplicationController < ActionController::Base
   before_action :set_paper_trail_whodunnit
   include ApplicationHelper
diff --git a/app/controllers/booths_controller.rb b/app/controllers/booths_controller.rb
index f0457b88..df535459 100644
--- a/app/controllers/booths_controller.rb
+++ b/app/controllers/booths_controller.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class BoothsController < ApplicationController
   before_action :authenticate_user!
   load_resource :conference, find_by: :short_title
diff --git a/app/controllers/commercials_controller.rb b/app/controllers/commercials_controller.rb
index 779b5d39..13b9b2d4 100644
--- a/app/controllers/commercials_controller.rb
+++ b/app/controllers/commercials_controller.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class CommercialsController < ApplicationController
   load_resource :conference, find_by: :short_title
   before_action :set_event
diff --git a/app/controllers/conference_registrations_controller.rb b/app/controllers/conference_registrations_controller.rb
index c61be8a4..001913d3 100644
--- a/app/controllers/conference_registrations_controller.rb
+++ b/app/controllers/conference_registrations_controller.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class ConferenceRegistrationsController < ApplicationController
   before_action :authenticate_user!, except: [:new, :create]
   load_resource :conference, find_by: :short_title
diff --git a/app/controllers/conferences_controller.rb b/app/controllers/conferences_controller.rb
index f46d29ae..ec901eb0 100644
--- a/app/controllers/conferences_controller.rb
+++ b/app/controllers/conferences_controller.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class ConferencesController < ApplicationController
   protect_from_forgery with: :null_session
   before_action :respond_to_options
diff --git a/app/controllers/confirmations_controller.rb b/app/controllers/confirmations_controller.rb
index 3b8c9837..eaf5bb22 100644
--- a/app/controllers/confirmations_controller.rb
+++ b/app/controllers/confirmations_controller.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class ConfirmationsController < Devise::ConfirmationsController
   protected
 
diff --git a/app/controllers/openids_controller.rb b/app/controllers/openids_controller.rb
index 35bc0bae..3bccba2f 100644
--- a/app/controllers/openids_controller.rb
+++ b/app/controllers/openids_controller.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class OpenidsController < ApplicationController
   load_and_authorize_resource :user
   load_and_authorize_resource through: :user
diff --git a/app/controllers/organizations_controller.rb b/app/controllers/organizations_controller.rb
index 9328bfc2..28696d33 100644
--- a/app/controllers/organizations_controller.rb
+++ b/app/controllers/organizations_controller.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class OrganizationsController < ApplicationController
   load_and_authorize_resource :organization
 
diff --git a/app/controllers/payments_controller.rb b/app/controllers/payments_controller.rb
index 322ed397..1720af5c 100644
--- a/app/controllers/payments_controller.rb
+++ b/app/controllers/payments_controller.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class PaymentsController < ApplicationController
   before_action :authenticate_user!
   load_and_authorize_resource
diff --git a/app/controllers/physical_tickets_controller.rb b/app/controllers/physical_tickets_controller.rb
index c3cc40cb..afa83baf 100644
--- a/app/controllers/physical_tickets_controller.rb
+++ b/app/controllers/physical_tickets_controller.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class PhysicalTicketsController < ApplicationController
   before_action :authenticate_user!
   load_resource :conference, find_by: :short_title
diff --git a/app/controllers/proposals_controller.rb b/app/controllers/proposals_controller.rb
index 7ea81dc0..ab027902 100644
--- a/app/controllers/proposals_controller.rb
+++ b/app/controllers/proposals_controller.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class ProposalsController < ApplicationController
   before_action :authenticate_user!, except: [:show, :new, :create]
   load_resource :conference, find_by: :short_title
diff --git a/app/controllers/registrations_controller.rb b/app/controllers/registrations_controller.rb
index e020d217..2b022571 100644
--- a/app/controllers/registrations_controller.rb
+++ b/app/controllers/registrations_controller.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class RegistrationsController < Devise::RegistrationsController
   prepend_before_action :check_captcha, only: [:create]
 
diff --git a/app/controllers/schedules_controller.rb b/app/controllers/schedules_controller.rb
index eb145730..7137c9ea 100644
--- a/app/controllers/schedules_controller.rb
+++ b/app/controllers/schedules_controller.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class SchedulesController < ApplicationController
   load_and_authorize_resource
   protect_from_forgery with: :null_session
diff --git a/app/controllers/subscriptions_controller.rb b/app/controllers/subscriptions_controller.rb
index d5111835..cf00af6f 100644
--- a/app/controllers/subscriptions_controller.rb
+++ b/app/controllers/subscriptions_controller.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class SubscriptionsController < ApplicationController
   before_action :authenticate_user!
   load_resource :conference, find_by: :short_title
diff --git a/app/controllers/ticket_purchases_controller.rb b/app/controllers/ticket_purchases_controller.rb
index 4221fb4e..dac4e34f 100644
--- a/app/controllers/ticket_purchases_controller.rb
+++ b/app/controllers/ticket_purchases_controller.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class TicketPurchasesController < ApplicationController
   before_action :authenticate_user!
   load_resource :conference, find_by: :short_title
diff --git a/app/controllers/tickets_controller.rb b/app/controllers/tickets_controller.rb
index 94893c27..c62afc06 100644
--- a/app/controllers/tickets_controller.rb
+++ b/app/controllers/tickets_controller.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class TicketsController < ApplicationController
   before_action :authenticate_user!
   load_resource :conference, find_by: :short_title
diff --git a/app/controllers/tracks_controller.rb b/app/controllers/tracks_controller.rb
index 6b584d22..ad418d46 100644
--- a/app/controllers/tracks_controller.rb
+++ b/app/controllers/tracks_controller.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class TracksController < ApplicationController
   load_resource :conference, find_by: :short_title
   load_resource :program, through: :conference, singleton: true
diff --git a/app/controllers/users/omniauth_callbacks_controller.rb b/app/controllers/users/omniauth_callbacks_controller.rb
index 1d0400cd..03ae4044 100644
--- a/app/controllers/users/omniauth_callbacks_controller.rb
+++ b/app/controllers/users/omniauth_callbacks_controller.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Users
   class OmniauthCallbacksController < Devise::OmniauthCallbacksController
     skip_before_filter :verify_authenticity_token
diff --git a/app/controllers/users_controller.rb b/app/controllers/users_controller.rb
index 6c027abd..3db62d11 100644
--- a/app/controllers/users_controller.rb
+++ b/app/controllers/users_controller.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class UsersController < ApplicationController
   load_and_authorize_resource
 
diff --git a/app/helpers/admin/volunteers_helper.rb b/app/helpers/admin/volunteers_helper.rb
index 6115f15b..0833c771 100644
--- a/app/helpers/admin/volunteers_helper.rb
+++ b/app/helpers/admin/volunteers_helper.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Admin
   module VolunteersHelper
     def can_manage_volunteers?(conference)
diff --git a/app/helpers/application_helper.rb b/app/helpers/application_helper.rb
index f0311c7a..67995187 100644
--- a/app/helpers/application_helper.rb
+++ b/app/helpers/application_helper.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module ApplicationHelper
   # Returns a string build from the start and end date of the given conference.
   #
diff --git a/app/helpers/conference_helper.rb b/app/helpers/conference_helper.rb
index 20ef6ba4..a48bed54 100644
--- a/app/helpers/conference_helper.rb
+++ b/app/helpers/conference_helper.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module ConferenceHelper
   # Return true if only call_for_papers or call_for_tracks or call_for_booths is open
   def one_call_open(*calls)
diff --git a/app/helpers/date_time_helper.rb b/app/helpers/date_time_helper.rb
index a8e4f660..7e15e930 100644
--- a/app/helpers/date_time_helper.rb
+++ b/app/helpers/date_time_helper.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module DateTimeHelper
   ##
   # Includes functions related to date or time manipulations
diff --git a/app/helpers/events_helper.rb b/app/helpers/events_helper.rb
index 1140898b..5e67e0a9 100644
--- a/app/helpers/events_helper.rb
+++ b/app/helpers/events_helper.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module EventsHelper
   ##
   # Includes functions related to events
diff --git a/app/helpers/format_helper.rb b/app/helpers/format_helper.rb
index a41c584e..ae0f2da1 100644
--- a/app/helpers/format_helper.rb
+++ b/app/helpers/format_helper.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module FormatHelper
   ##
   # Includes functions related to formatting (like adding classes, colors)
diff --git a/app/helpers/paths_helper.rb b/app/helpers/paths_helper.rb
index 46e82900..cfedc2bd 100644
--- a/app/helpers/paths_helper.rb
+++ b/app/helpers/paths_helper.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module PathsHelper
   ##
   # Includes functions related to links or redirects
diff --git a/app/helpers/users_helper.rb b/app/helpers/users_helper.rb
index 763a44c9..55cfcfd9 100644
--- a/app/helpers/users_helper.rb
+++ b/app/helpers/users_helper.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module UsersHelper
   ##
   # Includes functions related to users
diff --git a/app/helpers/versions_helper.rb b/app/helpers/versions_helper.rb
index 5788fe9d..aac4a10b 100644
--- a/app/helpers/versions_helper.rb
+++ b/app/helpers/versions_helper.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module VersionsHelper
   ##
   # Groups functions related to change description
diff --git a/app/jobs/application_job.rb b/app/jobs/application_job.rb
index a009ace5..d92ffddc 100644
--- a/app/jobs/application_job.rb
+++ b/app/jobs/application_job.rb
@@ -1,2 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class ApplicationJob < ActiveJob::Base
 end
diff --git a/app/jobs/conference_cfp_update_mail_job.rb b/app/jobs/conference_cfp_update_mail_job.rb
index 7138bd59..43e74b12 100644
--- a/app/jobs/conference_cfp_update_mail_job.rb
+++ b/app/jobs/conference_cfp_update_mail_job.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class ConferenceCfpUpdateMailJob < ApplicationJob
   queue_as :default
 
diff --git a/app/jobs/conference_date_update_mail_job.rb b/app/jobs/conference_date_update_mail_job.rb
index 4218d22f..a50cc077 100644
--- a/app/jobs/conference_date_update_mail_job.rb
+++ b/app/jobs/conference_date_update_mail_job.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class ConferenceDateUpdateMailJob < ApplicationJob
   queue_as :default
 
diff --git a/app/jobs/conference_registration_date_update_mail_job.rb b/app/jobs/conference_registration_date_update_mail_job.rb
index ed7ee084..00864f7a 100644
--- a/app/jobs/conference_registration_date_update_mail_job.rb
+++ b/app/jobs/conference_registration_date_update_mail_job.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class ConferenceRegistrationDateUpdateMailJob < ApplicationJob
   queue_as :default
 
diff --git a/app/jobs/conference_schedule_update_mail_job.rb b/app/jobs/conference_schedule_update_mail_job.rb
index 02d03352..d500df2c 100644
--- a/app/jobs/conference_schedule_update_mail_job.rb
+++ b/app/jobs/conference_schedule_update_mail_job.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class ConferenceScheduleUpdateMailJob < ApplicationJob
   queue_as :default
 
diff --git a/app/jobs/conference_venue_update_mail_job.rb b/app/jobs/conference_venue_update_mail_job.rb
index 30203639..f53ef741 100644
--- a/app/jobs/conference_venue_update_mail_job.rb
+++ b/app/jobs/conference_venue_update_mail_job.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class ConferenceVenueUpdateMailJob < ApplicationJob
   queue_as :default
 
diff --git a/app/jobs/event_comment_mail_job.rb b/app/jobs/event_comment_mail_job.rb
index 36bc9294..bcc46ca7 100644
--- a/app/jobs/event_comment_mail_job.rb
+++ b/app/jobs/event_comment_mail_job.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class EventCommentMailJob < ApplicationJob
   queue_as :default
 
diff --git a/app/mailers/mailbot.rb b/app/mailers/mailbot.rb
index 63f95a40..d33973aa 100644
--- a/app/mailers/mailbot.rb
+++ b/app/mailers/mailbot.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class Mailbot < ActionMailer::Base
   def registration_mail(conference, user)
     mail(to: user.email,
diff --git a/app/models/ability.rb b/app/models/ability.rb
index 79a5e4dc..bed672e1 100644
--- a/app/models/ability.rb
+++ b/app/models/ability.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class Ability
   include CanCan::Ability
 
diff --git a/app/models/admin_ability.rb b/app/models/admin_ability.rb
index 603f499e..74f83721 100644
--- a/app/models/admin_ability.rb
+++ b/app/models/admin_ability.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AdminAbility
   include CanCan::Ability
 
diff --git a/app/models/ahoy/event.rb b/app/models/ahoy/event.rb
index 74758c47..cf693623 100644
--- a/app/models/ahoy/event.rb
+++ b/app/models/ahoy/event.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Ahoy
   class Event < ApplicationRecord
     self.table_name = 'ahoy_events'
diff --git a/app/models/answer.rb b/app/models/answer.rb
index 6d1bca3c..abada979 100644
--- a/app/models/answer.rb
+++ b/app/models/answer.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class Answer < ApplicationRecord
   has_many :qanswers
   has_many :questions, through: :qanswers
diff --git a/app/models/application_record.rb b/app/models/application_record.rb
index 10a4cba8..71fbba5b 100644
--- a/app/models/application_record.rb
+++ b/app/models/application_record.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class ApplicationRecord < ActiveRecord::Base
   self.abstract_class = true
 end
diff --git a/app/models/booth.rb b/app/models/booth.rb
index e64a230a..ff030620 100644
--- a/app/models/booth.rb
+++ b/app/models/booth.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class Booth < ApplicationRecord
   include ActiveRecord::Transitions
   has_paper_trail ignore: [:updated_at], meta: { conference_id: :conference_id }
diff --git a/app/models/booth_request.rb b/app/models/booth_request.rb
index f57c712e..5cce46a1 100644
--- a/app/models/booth_request.rb
+++ b/app/models/booth_request.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class BoothRequest < ApplicationRecord
   belongs_to :booth
   belongs_to :user
diff --git a/app/models/campaign.rb b/app/models/campaign.rb
index 103274a0..b6109065 100644
--- a/app/models/campaign.rb
+++ b/app/models/campaign.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class Campaign < ApplicationRecord
   validates :name, :utm_campaign, presence: true
 
diff --git a/app/models/cfp.rb b/app/models/cfp.rb
index 5105a6bd..f0001ed3 100644
--- a/app/models/cfp.rb
+++ b/app/models/cfp.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 # cannot delete program if there are events submitted
 
 class Cfp < ApplicationRecord
diff --git a/app/models/comment.rb b/app/models/comment.rb
index 535eea57..bf2b141b 100644
--- a/app/models/comment.rb
+++ b/app/models/comment.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class Comment < ApplicationRecord
   acts_as_nested_set scope: %i(commentable_id commentable_type)
   validates :body, presence: true
diff --git a/app/models/commercial.rb b/app/models/commercial.rb
index ad9597e4..7bb2a081 100644
--- a/app/models/commercial.rb
+++ b/app/models/commercial.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class Commercial < ApplicationRecord
   require 'oembed'
 
diff --git a/app/models/concerns/revision_count.rb b/app/models/concerns/revision_count.rb
index 71789f34..4b395367 100644
--- a/app/models/concerns/revision_count.rb
+++ b/app/models/concerns/revision_count.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module RevisionCount
   extend ActiveSupport::Concern
 
diff --git a/app/models/conference.rb b/app/models/conference.rb
index 081cc380..6b961592 100644
--- a/app/models/conference.rb
+++ b/app/models/conference.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class Conference < ApplicationRecord
   include RevisionCount
   require 'uri'
diff --git a/app/models/contact.rb b/app/models/contact.rb
index dd7196dd..106d0449 100644
--- a/app/models/contact.rb
+++ b/app/models/contact.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class Contact < ApplicationRecord
   has_paper_trail on: [:update], ignore: [:updated_at], meta: { conference_id: :conference_id }
 
diff --git a/app/models/difficulty_level.rb b/app/models/difficulty_level.rb
index d9a09e22..98186693 100644
--- a/app/models/difficulty_level.rb
+++ b/app/models/difficulty_level.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class DifficultyLevel < ApplicationRecord
   belongs_to :program, touch: true
   has_many :events, dependent: :nullify
diff --git a/app/models/email_settings.rb b/app/models/email_settings.rb
index 2c593b96..e2310ab8 100644
--- a/app/models/email_settings.rb
+++ b/app/models/email_settings.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class EmailSettings < ApplicationRecord
   belongs_to :conference
 
diff --git a/app/models/event.rb b/app/models/event.rb
index 943572eb..8e5dd60a 100644
--- a/app/models/event.rb
+++ b/app/models/event.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class Event < ApplicationRecord
   include ActiveRecord::Transitions
   include RevisionCount
diff --git a/app/models/event_schedule.rb b/app/models/event_schedule.rb
index 9d59713d..184284cd 100644
--- a/app/models/event_schedule.rb
+++ b/app/models/event_schedule.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class EventSchedule < ApplicationRecord
   default_scope { where(enabled: true) }
   belongs_to :schedule
diff --git a/app/models/event_type.rb b/app/models/event_type.rb
index 4b19621b..33bbbcd6 100644
--- a/app/models/event_type.rb
+++ b/app/models/event_type.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class EventType < ApplicationRecord
   belongs_to :program, touch: true
   has_many :events, dependent: :restrict_with_error
diff --git a/app/models/event_user.rb b/app/models/event_user.rb
index 85e5f8d8..5e4d9b20 100644
--- a/app/models/event_user.rb
+++ b/app/models/event_user.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class EventUser < ApplicationRecord
   # TODO: Do we need these roles?
   ROLES = [%w[Speaker speaker], %w[Submitter submitter], %w[Moderator moderator]]
diff --git a/app/models/events_registration.rb b/app/models/events_registration.rb
index 6539064e..735df2a7 100644
--- a/app/models/events_registration.rb
+++ b/app/models/events_registration.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class EventsRegistration < ApplicationRecord
   belongs_to :registration
   belongs_to :event
diff --git a/app/models/lodging.rb b/app/models/lodging.rb
index 50feaf41..2f7a87ad 100644
--- a/app/models/lodging.rb
+++ b/app/models/lodging.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class Lodging < ApplicationRecord
   belongs_to :conference
 
diff --git a/app/models/openid.rb b/app/models/openid.rb
index b0f45f0c..feaa6a9d 100644
--- a/app/models/openid.rb
+++ b/app/models/openid.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class Openid < ApplicationRecord
   belongs_to :user
   validates :provider, :uid, :email, presence: true
diff --git a/app/models/organization.rb b/app/models/organization.rb
index 1e3974de..96a17bfa 100644
--- a/app/models/organization.rb
+++ b/app/models/organization.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class Organization < ApplicationRecord
   resourcify :roles, dependent: :delete_all
 
diff --git a/app/models/payment.rb b/app/models/payment.rb
index 3938dcb6..f7baa19d 100644
--- a/app/models/payment.rb
+++ b/app/models/payment.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class Payment < ApplicationRecord
   has_many :ticket_purchases
   belongs_to :user
diff --git a/app/models/physical_ticket.rb b/app/models/physical_ticket.rb
index e98646b0..2493cbbe 100644
--- a/app/models/physical_ticket.rb
+++ b/app/models/physical_ticket.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class PhysicalTicket < ApplicationRecord
   belongs_to :ticket_purchase
   has_one :ticket, through: :ticket_purchase
diff --git a/app/models/program.rb b/app/models/program.rb
index 14554786..9bc5a460 100644
--- a/app/models/program.rb
+++ b/app/models/program.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 # cannot delete program if there are events submitted
 
 class Program < ApplicationRecord
diff --git a/app/models/qanswer.rb b/app/models/qanswer.rb
index 2e581131..535da321 100644
--- a/app/models/qanswer.rb
+++ b/app/models/qanswer.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class Qanswer < ApplicationRecord
   belongs_to :question
   belongs_to :answer, dependent: :delete
diff --git a/app/models/question.rb b/app/models/question.rb
index 0c7456a9..702a3784 100644
--- a/app/models/question.rb
+++ b/app/models/question.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class Question < ApplicationRecord
   belongs_to :question_type
   has_and_belongs_to_many :conferences
diff --git a/app/models/question_type.rb b/app/models/question_type.rb
index 84fd1a80..2a5ebc24 100644
--- a/app/models/question_type.rb
+++ b/app/models/question_type.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class QuestionType < ApplicationRecord
   has_many :questions
 end
diff --git a/app/models/registration.rb b/app/models/registration.rb
index ed8a2982..4cd9d034 100644
--- a/app/models/registration.rb
+++ b/app/models/registration.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class Registration < ApplicationRecord
   require 'csv'
   belongs_to :user
diff --git a/app/models/registration_period.rb b/app/models/registration_period.rb
index 9aa82444..99671733 100644
--- a/app/models/registration_period.rb
+++ b/app/models/registration_period.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class RegistrationPeriod < ApplicationRecord
   belongs_to :conference
 
diff --git a/app/models/resource.rb b/app/models/resource.rb
index 77363cfb..991ce0cf 100644
--- a/app/models/resource.rb
+++ b/app/models/resource.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class Resource < ApplicationRecord
   belongs_to :conference
   validates :name, :used, :quantity, presence: true
diff --git a/app/models/role.rb b/app/models/role.rb
index fcbac932..d759f47d 100644
--- a/app/models/role.rb
+++ b/app/models/role.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class Role < ApplicationRecord
   belongs_to :resource, polymorphic: true
   has_many :users_roles
diff --git a/app/models/room.rb b/app/models/room.rb
index 718704de..4bd88834 100644
--- a/app/models/room.rb
+++ b/app/models/room.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class Room < ApplicationRecord
   include RevisionCount
   belongs_to :venue
diff --git a/app/models/schedule.rb b/app/models/schedule.rb
index 3bd1f1fa..1584733f 100644
--- a/app/models/schedule.rb
+++ b/app/models/schedule.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class Schedule < ApplicationRecord
   belongs_to :program
   belongs_to :track
diff --git a/app/models/splashpage.rb b/app/models/splashpage.rb
index 388831ba..5cd9ef0d 100644
--- a/app/models/splashpage.rb
+++ b/app/models/splashpage.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class Splashpage < ApplicationRecord
   belongs_to :conference
 
diff --git a/app/models/sponsor.rb b/app/models/sponsor.rb
index d54d95c7..fa63411f 100644
--- a/app/models/sponsor.rb
+++ b/app/models/sponsor.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class Sponsor < ApplicationRecord
   belongs_to :sponsorship_level
   belongs_to :conference
diff --git a/app/models/sponsorship_level.rb b/app/models/sponsorship_level.rb
index f742e41b..48f41594 100644
--- a/app/models/sponsorship_level.rb
+++ b/app/models/sponsorship_level.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class SponsorshipLevel < ApplicationRecord
   validates :title, presence: true
   belongs_to :conference
diff --git a/app/models/subscription.rb b/app/models/subscription.rb
index 9d78975a..0bb96640 100644
--- a/app/models/subscription.rb
+++ b/app/models/subscription.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class Subscription < ApplicationRecord
   belongs_to :conference
   belongs_to :user
diff --git a/app/models/target.rb b/app/models/target.rb
index 55365a6a..424d075f 100644
--- a/app/models/target.rb
+++ b/app/models/target.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class Target < ApplicationRecord
   include ActionView::Helpers::TextHelper
 
diff --git a/app/models/ticket.rb b/app/models/ticket.rb
index fa053e0d..ee8926d9 100644
--- a/app/models/ticket.rb
+++ b/app/models/ticket.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class Ticket < ApplicationRecord
   belongs_to :conference
   has_many :ticket_purchases, dependent: :destroy
diff --git a/app/models/ticket_purchase.rb b/app/models/ticket_purchase.rb
index 35f36b4c..92f12e63 100644
--- a/app/models/ticket_purchase.rb
+++ b/app/models/ticket_purchase.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class TicketPurchase < ApplicationRecord
   belongs_to :ticket
   belongs_to :user
diff --git a/app/models/ticket_scanning.rb b/app/models/ticket_scanning.rb
index 27536c86..6b422100 100644
--- a/app/models/ticket_scanning.rb
+++ b/app/models/ticket_scanning.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class TicketScanning < ApplicationRecord
   belongs_to :physical_ticket
 
diff --git a/app/models/track.rb b/app/models/track.rb
index 21f6eaa1..6afd43b2 100644
--- a/app/models/track.rb
+++ b/app/models/track.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class Track < ApplicationRecord
   include ActiveRecord::Transitions
   include RevisionCount
diff --git a/app/models/user.rb b/app/models/user.rb
index cb09e78c..574ef86b 100644
--- a/app/models/user.rb
+++ b/app/models/user.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class IChainRecordNotFound < StandardError
 end
 
diff --git a/app/models/users_role.rb b/app/models/users_role.rb
index f233e995..b5dbe9fb 100644
--- a/app/models/users_role.rb
+++ b/app/models/users_role.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class UsersRole < ApplicationRecord
   belongs_to :role
   belongs_to :user
diff --git a/app/models/vchoice.rb b/app/models/vchoice.rb
index b258c34d..bf5d05a6 100644
--- a/app/models/vchoice.rb
+++ b/app/models/vchoice.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class Vchoice < ApplicationRecord
   belongs_to :vday
   belongs_to :vposition
diff --git a/app/models/vday.rb b/app/models/vday.rb
index bd122291..5a9b52cf 100644
--- a/app/models/vday.rb
+++ b/app/models/vday.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class Vday < ApplicationRecord
   belongs_to :conference
 
diff --git a/app/models/venue.rb b/app/models/venue.rb
index 6a758242..c46f52ab 100644
--- a/app/models/venue.rb
+++ b/app/models/venue.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class Venue < ApplicationRecord
   belongs_to :conference
   has_one :commercial, as: :commercialable, dependent: :destroy
diff --git a/app/models/visit.rb b/app/models/visit.rb
index 76b1981b..0afa9183 100644
--- a/app/models/visit.rb
+++ b/app/models/visit.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class Visit < ApplicationRecord
   has_many :ahoy_events, class_name: 'Ahoy::Event'
   belongs_to :user
diff --git a/app/models/vote.rb b/app/models/vote.rb
index 9e1c572f..2ce0e671 100644
--- a/app/models/vote.rb
+++ b/app/models/vote.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class Vote < ApplicationRecord
   belongs_to :user
   belongs_to :event
diff --git a/app/models/vposition.rb b/app/models/vposition.rb
index 38ef27fe..6599bc8a 100644
--- a/app/models/vposition.rb
+++ b/app/models/vposition.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class Vposition < ApplicationRecord
   belongs_to :conference
 
diff --git a/app/pdfs/ticket_pdf.rb b/app/pdfs/ticket_pdf.rb
index d21a1e27..834d12e2 100644
--- a/app/pdfs/ticket_pdf.rb
+++ b/app/pdfs/ticket_pdf.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'open-uri'
 
 class TicketPdf < Prawn::Document
diff --git a/app/serializers/conference_serializer.rb b/app/serializers/conference_serializer.rb
index 7bb96131..e9558bfd 100644
--- a/app/serializers/conference_serializer.rb
+++ b/app/serializers/conference_serializer.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class ConferenceSerializer < ActiveModel::Serializer
   include ApplicationHelper
   attributes :short_title, :title, :description, :start_date, :end_date, :picture_url,
diff --git a/app/serializers/conferences_array_serializer.rb b/app/serializers/conferences_array_serializer.rb
index aacaa681..8ca8df53 100644
--- a/app/serializers/conferences_array_serializer.rb
+++ b/app/serializers/conferences_array_serializer.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 #
 # Needed in order to add the API version number to the conferences array
 #
diff --git a/app/serializers/event_schedule_serializer.rb b/app/serializers/event_schedule_serializer.rb
index c0de52eb..71a2ea59 100644
--- a/app/serializers/event_schedule_serializer.rb
+++ b/app/serializers/event_schedule_serializer.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class EventScheduleSerializer < ActiveModel::Serializer
   include ActionView::Helpers::TextHelper
 
diff --git a/app/serializers/event_serializer.rb b/app/serializers/event_serializer.rb
index d58d23d2..26d53801 100644
--- a/app/serializers/event_serializer.rb
+++ b/app/serializers/event_serializer.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class EventSerializer < ActiveModel::Serializer
   include ActionView::Helpers::TextHelper
 
diff --git a/app/serializers/room_serializer.rb b/app/serializers/room_serializer.rb
index fc9b1921..c75db316 100644
--- a/app/serializers/room_serializer.rb
+++ b/app/serializers/room_serializer.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class RoomSerializer < ActiveModel::Serializer
   attributes :guid, :name, :description
 
diff --git a/app/serializers/speaker_serializer.rb b/app/serializers/speaker_serializer.rb
index 4a455a61..ee7e6dec 100644
--- a/app/serializers/speaker_serializer.rb
+++ b/app/serializers/speaker_serializer.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class SpeakerSerializer < ActiveModel::Serializer
   include ActionView::Helpers::TextHelper
 
diff --git a/app/serializers/track_serializer.rb b/app/serializers/track_serializer.rb
index 0019a150..0eb7bebb 100644
--- a/app/serializers/track_serializer.rb
+++ b/app/serializers/track_serializer.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class TrackSerializer < ActiveModel::Serializer
   attributes :guid, :name, :color
 end
diff --git a/app/uploaders/picture_uploader.rb b/app/uploaders/picture_uploader.rb
index 41bcab7b..9c669b86 100644
--- a/app/uploaders/picture_uploader.rb
+++ b/app/uploaders/picture_uploader.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # encoding: utf-8
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 
 class PictureUploader < CarrierWave::Uploader::Base
   include CarrierWave::MiniMagick
diff --git a/config.ru b/config.ru
index a0123600..aa5c107c 100644
--- a/config.ru
+++ b/config.ru
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 # This file is used by Rack-based servers to start the application.
 
 require ::File.expand_path('../config/environment',  __FILE__)
diff --git a/db/migrate/20121223110942_devise_create_users.rb b/db/migrate/20121223110942_devise_create_users.rb
index 60cc97dc..c566b064 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20121223110942_devise_create_users.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20121223110942_devise_create_users.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class DeviseCreateUsers < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def up
     create_table(:users) do |t|
diff --git a/db/migrate/20121223115038_create_conferences_table.rb b/db/migrate/20121223115038_create_conferences_table.rb
index 932b66e7..2f2e170e 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20121223115038_create_conferences_table.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20121223115038_create_conferences_table.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class CreateConferencesTable < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def up
     create_table :conferences do |t|
diff --git a/db/migrate/20121223115106_create_people_table.rb b/db/migrate/20121223115106_create_people_table.rb
index 75563b7d..63160bb8 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20121223115106_create_people_table.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20121223115106_create_people_table.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class CreatePeopleTable < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def up
     create_table :people do |t|
diff --git a/db/migrate/20121223115117_create_rooms_table.rb b/db/migrate/20121223115117_create_rooms_table.rb
index 0a45ac62..57cf72e6 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20121223115117_create_rooms_table.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20121223115117_create_rooms_table.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class CreateRoomsTable < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def up
     create_table :rooms do |t|
diff --git a/db/migrate/20121223115125_create_tracks_table.rb b/db/migrate/20121223115125_create_tracks_table.rb
index 5680c476..021712c8 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20121223115125_create_tracks_table.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20121223115125_create_tracks_table.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class CreateTracksTable < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def up
     create_table :tracks do |t|
diff --git a/db/migrate/20121223115135_create_events_table.rb b/db/migrate/20121223115135_create_events_table.rb
index 56f14f36..3e6b51dd 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20121223115135_create_events_table.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20121223115135_create_events_table.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class CreateEventsTable < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def up
     create_table :events do |t|
diff --git a/db/migrate/20121223120413_create_event_types.rb b/db/migrate/20121223120413_create_event_types.rb
index 3257ade4..f34dfa77 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20121223120413_create_event_types.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20121223120413_create_event_types.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class CreateEventTypes < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def up
     create_table :event_types do |t|
diff --git a/db/migrate/20121223122307_create_event_people_table.rb b/db/migrate/20121223122307_create_event_people_table.rb
index 27e32a44..3ac46fa2 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20121223122307_create_event_people_table.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20121223122307_create_event_people_table.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class CreateEventPeopleTable < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def self.up
     create_table :event_people do |t|
diff --git a/db/migrate/20121223122842_create_venue_table.rb b/db/migrate/20121223122842_create_venue_table.rb
index 38e7115f..f2a07e39 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20121223122842_create_venue_table.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20121223122842_create_venue_table.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class CreateVenueTable < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def up
     create_table :venues do |t|
diff --git a/db/migrate/20121223135240_create_roles_table.rb b/db/migrate/20121223135240_create_roles_table.rb
index 2fa3e899..fc3b5119 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20121223135240_create_roles_table.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20121223135240_create_roles_table.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class CreateRolesTable < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def self.up
     create_table :roles do |t|
diff --git a/db/migrate/20121223135447_user_roles_table.rb b/db/migrate/20121223135447_user_roles_table.rb
index 459b3172..70aec74c 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20121223135447_user_roles_table.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20121223135447_user_roles_table.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class UserRolesTable < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def self.up
     create_table :roles_users, id: false do |t|
diff --git a/db/migrate/20121224144728_create_cfp_table.rb b/db/migrate/20121224144728_create_cfp_table.rb
index eb730271..03ef90dc 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20121224144728_create_cfp_table.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20121224144728_create_cfp_table.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class CreateCfpTable < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def up
     create_table :call_for_papers do |t|
diff --git a/db/migrate/20130103134212_create_registrations_table.rb b/db/migrate/20130103134212_create_registrations_table.rb
index 41877ad5..dc9a0cf5 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20130103134212_create_registrations_table.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20130103134212_create_registrations_table.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class CreateRegistrationsTable < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def up
     create_table :registrations do |t|
diff --git a/db/migrate/20130104142209_create_comments.rb b/db/migrate/20130104142209_create_comments.rb
index b9c9ce79..3e49125a 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20130104142209_create_comments.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20130104142209_create_comments.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class CreateComments < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def self.up
     create_table :comments do |t|
diff --git a/db/migrate/20130104142839_acts_as_commentable_upgrade_migration.rb b/db/migrate/20130104142839_acts_as_commentable_upgrade_migration.rb
index d70bee0f..ff53ee5c 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20130104142839_acts_as_commentable_upgrade_migration.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20130104142839_acts_as_commentable_upgrade_migration.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class ActsAsCommentableUpgradeMigration < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def self.up
     rename_column :comments, :comment, :body
diff --git a/db/migrate/20130105115603_create_event_attachments_table.rb b/db/migrate/20130105115603_create_event_attachments_table.rb
index 0332eb03..9de9fd2d 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20130105115603_create_event_attachments_table.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20130105115603_create_event_attachments_table.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class CreateEventAttachmentsTable < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def up
     create_table :event_attachments do |t|
diff --git a/db/migrate/20130107112833_add_registration_dates_to_conferences_table.rb b/db/migrate/20130107112833_add_registration_dates_to_conferences_table.rb
index 912c639b..5aff90b2 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20130107112833_add_registration_dates_to_conferences_table.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20130107112833_add_registration_dates_to_conferences_table.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddRegistrationDatesToConferencesTable < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :conferences, :registration_start_date, :date
diff --git a/db/migrate/20130107113653_remove_cfp_and_reg_booleans_from_conferences.rb b/db/migrate/20130107113653_remove_cfp_and_reg_booleans_from_conferences.rb
index 5eaa39df..78c126b2 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20130107113653_remove_cfp_and_reg_booleans_from_conferences.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20130107113653_remove_cfp_and_reg_booleans_from_conferences.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class RemoveCfpAndRegBooleansFromConferences < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def up
     remove_column :conferences, :cfp_open
diff --git a/db/migrate/20130107114930_create_versions.rb b/db/migrate/20130107114930_create_versions.rb
index 02694362..19020e90 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20130107114930_create_versions.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20130107114930_create_versions.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class CreateVersions < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def self.up
     create_table :versions do |t|
diff --git a/db/migrate/20130113105652_create_email_table.rb b/db/migrate/20130113105652_create_email_table.rb
index a7b6b3e6..8a38dfd4 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20130113105652_create_email_table.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20130113105652_create_email_table.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class CreateEmailTable < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def up
     create_table :email_settings do |t|
diff --git a/db/migrate/20130113132225_add_subjects_to_email_settings.rb b/db/migrate/20130113132225_add_subjects_to_email_settings.rb
index 9adb821c..8242c1fb 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20130113132225_add_subjects_to_email_settings.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20130113132225_add_subjects_to_email_settings.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddSubjectsToEmailSettings < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :email_settings, :registration_subject, :string
diff --git a/db/migrate/20130117130949_add_logo_to_conferences_table.rb b/db/migrate/20130117130949_add_logo_to_conferences_table.rb
index 454c33c9..47197b08 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20130117130949_add_logo_to_conferences_table.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20130117130949_add_logo_to_conferences_table.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddLogoToConferencesTable < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :conferences, :logo_file_name, :string
diff --git a/db/migrate/20130120104029_change_arrival_registrations_date_to_datetime.rb b/db/migrate/20130120104029_change_arrival_registrations_date_to_datetime.rb
index 9872d182..326b9a12 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20130120104029_change_arrival_registrations_date_to_datetime.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20130120104029_change_arrival_registrations_date_to_datetime.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class ChangeArrivalRegistrationsDateToDatetime < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def up
     change_column :registrations, :arrival, :datetime
diff --git a/db/migrate/20130131100257_add_minimum_and_maximum_abstract_lengths_to_event_types.rb b/db/migrate/20130131100257_add_minimum_and_maximum_abstract_lengths_to_event_types.rb
index 9ca53b4c..240e4ed8 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20130131100257_add_minimum_and_maximum_abstract_lengths_to_event_types.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20130131100257_add_minimum_and_maximum_abstract_lengths_to_event_types.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddMinimumAndMaximumAbstractLengthsToEventTypes < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :event_types, :minimum_abstract_length, :integer, default: 0
diff --git a/db/migrate/20130202091022_add_dietary_choice_to_conferences.rb b/db/migrate/20130202091022_add_dietary_choice_to_conferences.rb
index 50287c31..b0e7a917 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20130202091022_add_dietary_choice_to_conferences.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20130202091022_add_dietary_choice_to_conferences.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddDietaryChoiceToConferences < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :conferences, :use_dietary_choices, :boolean, default: false
diff --git a/db/migrate/20130202091051_create_dietary_choices_table.rb b/db/migrate/20130202091051_create_dietary_choices_table.rb
index 464c7250..1ab353d4 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20130202091051_create_dietary_choices_table.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20130202091051_create_dietary_choices_table.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class CreateDietaryChoicesTable < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def up
     create_table :dietary_choices do |t|
diff --git a/db/migrate/20130202091229_add_dietary_choice_to_registration.rb b/db/migrate/20130202091229_add_dietary_choice_to_registration.rb
index 5694d206..343de790 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20130202091229_add_dietary_choice_to_registration.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20130202091229_add_dietary_choice_to_registration.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddDietaryChoiceToRegistration < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :registrations, :dietary_choice_id, :integer
diff --git a/db/migrate/20130202093137_add_dietary_text_to_registration.rb b/db/migrate/20130202093137_add_dietary_text_to_registration.rb
index 3147cd3c..6a1e356d 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20130202093137_add_dietary_text_to_registration.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20130202093137_add_dietary_text_to_registration.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddDietaryTextToRegistration < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :registrations, :other_dietary_choice, :text
diff --git a/db/migrate/20130202102024_add_handicapped_access_to_registrations.rb b/db/migrate/20130202102024_add_handicapped_access_to_registrations.rb
index e98b4e2f..ad5d85da 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20130202102024_add_handicapped_access_to_registrations.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20130202102024_add_handicapped_access_to_registrations.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddHandicappedAccessToRegistrations < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :registrations, :handicapped_access_required, :boolean, default: false
diff --git a/db/migrate/20130202130737_create_supporter_level_table.rb b/db/migrate/20130202130737_create_supporter_level_table.rb
index 417fe9d0..60e1d08b 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20130202130737_create_supporter_level_table.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20130202130737_create_supporter_level_table.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class CreateSupporterLevelTable < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def up
     create_table :supporter_levels do |t|
diff --git a/db/migrate/20130202130923_create_table_supporter_registrations.rb b/db/migrate/20130202130923_create_table_supporter_registrations.rb
index 5137ebb9..00f03e64 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20130202130923_create_table_supporter_registrations.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20130202130923_create_table_supporter_registrations.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class CreateTableSupporterRegistrations < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def up
     create_table :supporter_registrations do |t|
diff --git a/db/migrate/20130202131932_add_use_supporter_levels_to_conferences.rb b/db/migrate/20130202131932_add_use_supporter_levels_to_conferences.rb
index f201511a..53247ccc 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20130202131932_add_use_supporter_levels_to_conferences.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20130202131932_add_use_supporter_levels_to_conferences.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddUseSupporterLevelsToConferences < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :conferences, :use_supporter_levels, :boolean, default: false
diff --git a/db/migrate/20130206192339_rename_attending_social_events_with_partner.rb b/db/migrate/20130206192339_rename_attending_social_events_with_partner.rb
index bb9dc5ad..cb0fb6d9 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20130206192339_rename_attending_social_events_with_partner.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20130206192339_rename_attending_social_events_with_partner.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class RenameAttendingSocialEventsWithPartner < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def up
     rename_column :registrations, :attending_social_events_with_partner, :attending_with_partner
diff --git a/db/migrate/20130211170728_add_irc_nick_to_people_table.rb b/db/migrate/20130211170728_add_irc_nick_to_people_table.rb
index 36cc5c62..060b85c1 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20130211170728_add_irc_nick_to_people_table.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20130211170728_add_irc_nick_to_people_table.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddIrcNickToPeopleTable < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :people, :irc_nickname, :string
diff --git a/db/migrate/20130216070725_create_social_events_table.rb b/db/migrate/20130216070725_create_social_events_table.rb
index 52ebaa06..22f89dbc 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20130216070725_create_social_events_table.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20130216070725_create_social_events_table.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class CreateSocialEventsTable < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def up
     create_table :social_events do |t|
diff --git a/db/migrate/20130216120112_create_registrations_social_events_table.rb b/db/migrate/20130216120112_create_registrations_social_events_table.rb
index 9a783d4f..a6a98d16 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20130216120112_create_registrations_social_events_table.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20130216120112_create_registrations_social_events_table.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class CreateRegistrationsSocialEventsTable < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def up
     create_table :registrations_social_events, id: false do |t|
diff --git a/db/migrate/20130216122155_set_registration_defaults_to_false.rb b/db/migrate/20130216122155_set_registration_defaults_to_false.rb
index bbb45d64..3a2069a5 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20130216122155_set_registration_defaults_to_false.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20130216122155_set_registration_defaults_to_false.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class SetRegistrationDefaultsToFalse < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def up
     change_column :registrations, :using_affiliated_lodging, :boolean, default: false
diff --git a/db/migrate/20130216122417_add_special_needs_field_to_registrations.rb b/db/migrate/20130216122417_add_special_needs_field_to_registrations.rb
index 9d438e54..9339819c 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20130216122417_add_special_needs_field_to_registrations.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20130216122417_add_special_needs_field_to_registrations.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddSpecialNeedsFieldToRegistrations < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :registrations, :other_special_needs, :text
diff --git a/db/migrate/20130515125823_change_attachment_default.rb b/db/migrate/20130515125823_change_attachment_default.rb
index 89701f12..4f73cf4d 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20130515125823_change_attachment_default.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20130515125823_change_attachment_default.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class ChangeAttachmentDefault < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def up
     change_column_default(:event_attachments, :public, true)
diff --git a/db/migrate/20130515131420_change_venue_types.rb b/db/migrate/20130515131420_change_venue_types.rb
index f588fe55..00b1cb0a 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20130515131420_change_venue_types.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20130515131420_change_venue_types.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class ChangeVenueTypes < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def up
     change_column :venues, :name, :text
diff --git a/db/migrate/20130626095459_add_video_id_to_events.rb b/db/migrate/20130626095459_add_video_id_to_events.rb
index 14f034e4..da79497f 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20130626095459_add_video_id_to_events.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20130626095459_add_video_id_to_events.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddVideoIdToEvents < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :events, :video_id, :string
diff --git a/db/migrate/20130705055128_add_revision_to_conference.rb b/db/migrate/20130705055128_add_revision_to_conference.rb
index 728b6551..d8e3070c 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20130705055128_add_revision_to_conference.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20130705055128_add_revision_to_conference.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddRevisionToConference < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :conferences, :revision, :integer
diff --git a/db/migrate/20130711043459_create_events_registrations_table.rb b/db/migrate/20130711043459_create_events_registrations_table.rb
index 0c084a9a..9275880a 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20130711043459_create_events_registrations_table.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20130711043459_create_events_registrations_table.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class CreateEventsRegistrationsTable < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def up
     create_table :events_registrations, id: false do |t|
diff --git a/db/migrate/20130711044247_add_require_registration_to_events.rb b/db/migrate/20130711044247_add_require_registration_to_events.rb
index c89d042d..a4f2f643 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20130711044247_add_require_registration_to_events.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20130711044247_add_require_registration_to_events.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddRequireRegistrationToEvents < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :events, :require_registration, :boolean
diff --git a/db/migrate/20130712072609_add_attended_to_registrations.rb b/db/migrate/20130712072609_add_attended_to_registrations.rb
index 3a6f15ee..598f432e 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20130712072609_add_attended_to_registrations.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20130712072609_add_attended_to_registrations.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddAttendedToRegistrations < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :registrations, :attended, :boolean, default: 0
diff --git a/db/migrate/20130728055450_add_schedule_changes_to_call_for_papers.rb b/db/migrate/20130728055450_add_schedule_changes_to_call_for_papers.rb
index d0cabf03..4078efc0 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20130728055450_add_schedule_changes_to_call_for_papers.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20130728055450_add_schedule_changes_to_call_for_papers.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddScheduleChangesToCallForPapers < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :call_for_papers, :schedule_changes, :boolean, default: 0
diff --git a/db/migrate/20130815085420_create_votes.rb b/db/migrate/20130815085420_create_votes.rb
index 1b4460a7..d0e514a6 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20130815085420_create_votes.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20130815085420_create_votes.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class CreateVotes < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def up
     create_table :votes do |t|
diff --git a/db/migrate/20130815201317_add_rating_to_call_for_papers.rb b/db/migrate/20130815201317_add_rating_to_call_for_papers.rb
index 1aab4ac6..b5537596 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20130815201317_add_rating_to_call_for_papers.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20130815201317_add_rating_to_call_for_papers.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddRatingToCallForPapers < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :call_for_papers, :rating, :integer, null: 1
diff --git a/db/migrate/20130815201511_add_rating_desc_to_call_for_papers.rb b/db/migrate/20130815201511_add_rating_desc_to_call_for_papers.rb
index 386a3064..67c8f020 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20130815201511_add_rating_desc_to_call_for_papers.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20130815201511_add_rating_desc_to_call_for_papers.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddRatingDescToCallForPapers < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :call_for_papers, :rating_desc, :text
diff --git a/db/migrate/20130821094246_add_volunteer_to_registrations.rb b/db/migrate/20130821094246_add_volunteer_to_registrations.rb
index 98a2e3fe..b0719aab 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20130821094246_add_volunteer_to_registrations.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20130821094246_add_volunteer_to_registrations.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddVolunteerToRegistrations < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :registrations, :volunteer, :boolean
diff --git a/db/migrate/20130821102003_add_volunteer_experience_to_registrations.rb b/db/migrate/20130821102003_add_volunteer_experience_to_registrations.rb
index b725d532..6621e547 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20130821102003_add_volunteer_experience_to_registrations.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20130821102003_add_volunteer_experience_to_registrations.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddVolunteerExperienceToRegistrations < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :people, :volunteer_experience, :text
diff --git a/db/migrate/20130821102047_add_tshirt_to_people.rb b/db/migrate/20130821102047_add_tshirt_to_people.rb
index 9519dc91..b25b7023 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20130821102047_add_tshirt_to_people.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20130821102047_add_tshirt_to_people.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddTshirtToPeople < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :people, :tshirt, :string
diff --git a/db/migrate/20130821102108_add_mobile_to_people.rb b/db/migrate/20130821102108_add_mobile_to_people.rb
index f4e9ae68..550b63aa 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20130821102108_add_mobile_to_people.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20130821102108_add_mobile_to_people.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddMobileToPeople < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :people, :mobile, :string
diff --git a/db/migrate/20130821102404_add_languages_to_people.rb b/db/migrate/20130821102404_add_languages_to_people.rb
index 2ffbbb3b..3d554988 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20130821102404_add_languages_to_people.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20130821102404_add_languages_to_people.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddLanguagesToPeople < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :people, :languages, :string
diff --git a/db/migrate/20130821102543_add_use_vpositions_to_conferences.rb b/db/migrate/20130821102543_add_use_vpositions_to_conferences.rb
index f78ccd18..25054495 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20130821102543_add_use_vpositions_to_conferences.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20130821102543_add_use_vpositions_to_conferences.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddUseVpositionsToConferences < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :conferences, :use_vpositions, :boolean
diff --git a/db/migrate/20130821102618_add_use_vdays_to_conferences.rb b/db/migrate/20130821102618_add_use_vdays_to_conferences.rb
index 70af09c4..ce921316 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20130821102618_add_use_vdays_to_conferences.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20130821102618_add_use_vdays_to_conferences.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddUseVdaysToConferences < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :conferences, :use_vdays, :boolean
diff --git a/db/migrate/20130821133651_create_vpositions.rb b/db/migrate/20130821133651_create_vpositions.rb
index af7fa36c..dd9d3ed4 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20130821133651_create_vpositions.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20130821133651_create_vpositions.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class CreateVpositions < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def up
     create_table :vpositions do |t|
diff --git a/db/migrate/20130821133850_create_vdays.rb b/db/migrate/20130821133850_create_vdays.rb
index c4d83d4c..9c05c279 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20130821133850_create_vdays.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20130821133850_create_vdays.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class CreateVdays < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def up
     create_table :vdays do |t|
diff --git a/db/migrate/20131022131450_add_created_at_to_supporter_registrations.rb b/db/migrate/20131022131450_add_created_at_to_supporter_registrations.rb
index 9ec2317a..bdeede4d 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20131022131450_add_created_at_to_supporter_registrations.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20131022131450_add_created_at_to_supporter_registrations.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddCreatedAtToSupporterRegistrations < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :supporter_registrations, :created_at, :datetime
diff --git a/db/migrate/20131228132353_change_default_rating_in_call_for_papers.rb b/db/migrate/20131228132353_change_default_rating_in_call_for_papers.rb
index 7fe2f314..89b9fa80 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20131228132353_change_default_rating_in_call_for_papers.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20131228132353_change_default_rating_in_call_for_papers.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class ChangeDefaultRatingInCallForPapers < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def up
     change_column :call_for_papers, :rating, :integer, default: 3
diff --git a/db/migrate/20131228214532_create_vchoices.rb b/db/migrate/20131228214532_create_vchoices.rb
index 04fabb75..0114f532 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20131228214532_create_vchoices.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20131228214532_create_vchoices.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class CreateVchoices < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     create_table :vchoices do |t|
diff --git a/db/migrate/20131229072532_registrations_vchoices.rb b/db/migrate/20131229072532_registrations_vchoices.rb
index 1c25a32f..3110ea2e 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20131229072532_registrations_vchoices.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20131229072532_registrations_vchoices.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class RegistrationsVchoices < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def up
     create_table :registrations_vchoices, id: false do |t|
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140109190643_create_questions.rb b/db/migrate/20140109190643_create_questions.rb
index e0272cdb..e78b4d20 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140109190643_create_questions.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140109190643_create_questions.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class CreateQuestions < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     create_table :questions do |t|
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140109190844_create_question_types.rb b/db/migrate/20140109190844_create_question_types.rb
index 3a2582fd..7a8f07d3 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140109190844_create_question_types.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140109190844_create_question_types.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class CreateQuestionTypes < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     create_table :question_types do |t|
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140109191042_create_answers.rb b/db/migrate/20140109191042_create_answers.rb
index 35394d79..5356bda7 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140109191042_create_answers.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140109191042_create_answers.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class CreateAnswers < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     create_table :answers do |t|
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140109191145_create_qanswers.rb b/db/migrate/20140109191145_create_qanswers.rb
index 4b31744f..4bc39588 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140109191145_create_qanswers.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140109191145_create_qanswers.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class CreateQanswers < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     create_table :qanswers do |t|
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140109191321_create_conferences_questions.rb b/db/migrate/20140109191321_create_conferences_questions.rb
index 7cb8dbaf..659de9a4 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140109191321_create_conferences_questions.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140109191321_create_conferences_questions.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class CreateConferencesQuestions < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     create_table :conferences_questions, id: false do |t|
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140112192801_create_qanswers_registrations.rb b/db/migrate/20140112192801_create_qanswers_registrations.rb
index e523173a..9501defe 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140112192801_create_qanswers_registrations.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140112192801_create_qanswers_registrations.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class CreateQanswersRegistrations < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     create_table :qanswers_registrations, id: false do |t|
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140212172244_create_difficulty_levels.rb b/db/migrate/20140212172244_create_difficulty_levels.rb
index bdd9547c..02faced0 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140212172244_create_difficulty_levels.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140212172244_create_difficulty_levels.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class CreateDifficultyLevels < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     create_table :difficulty_levels do |t|
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140212175251_add_use_difficulty_levels_to_conference.rb b/db/migrate/20140212175251_add_use_difficulty_levels_to_conference.rb
index c60721e4..02391e2a 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140212175251_add_use_difficulty_levels_to_conference.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140212175251_add_use_difficulty_levels_to_conference.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddUseDifficultyLevelsToConference < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :conferences, :use_difficulty_levels, :boolean, default: false
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140213122424_add_difficulty_level_id_to_events.rb b/db/migrate/20140213122424_add_difficulty_level_id_to_events.rb
index 56bcecb6..e4594d1e 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140213122424_add_difficulty_level_id_to_events.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140213122424_add_difficulty_level_id_to_events.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddDifficultyLevelIdToEvents < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :events, :difficulty_level_id, :integer
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140304192527_add_use_volunteers_to_conference.rb b/db/migrate/20140304192527_add_use_volunteers_to_conference.rb
index 568aeec5..d7c030fa 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140304192527_add_use_volunteers_to_conference.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140304192527_add_use_volunteers_to_conference.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddUseVolunteersToConference < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :conferences, :use_volunteers, :boolean
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140305102505_use_vdays_vpositions_defaults.rb b/db/migrate/20140305102505_use_vdays_vpositions_defaults.rb
index 4ab07be9..052ea315 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140305102505_use_vdays_vpositions_defaults.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140305102505_use_vdays_vpositions_defaults.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class UseVdaysVpositionsDefaults < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def up
     change_column :conferences, :use_vpositions, :boolean, default: false
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140319143547_rename_video_to_media_on_events.rb b/db/migrate/20140319143547_rename_video_to_media_on_events.rb
index 754c8af4..f5d6d771 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140319143547_rename_video_to_media_on_events.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140319143547_rename_video_to_media_on_events.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class RenameVideoToMediaOnEvents < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def up
     rename_column :events, :video_id, :media_id
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140401094729_add_schedule_public_to_call_for_papers.rb b/db/migrate/20140401094729_add_schedule_public_to_call_for_papers.rb
index f08d925c..fb82814f 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140401094729_add_schedule_public_to_call_for_papers.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140401094729_add_schedule_public_to_call_for_papers.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddSchedulePublicToCallForPapers < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :call_for_papers, :schedule_public, :boolean
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140414131028_add_video_to_conferences.rb b/db/migrate/20140414131028_add_video_to_conferences.rb
index 3fbe01b8..ea781109 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140414131028_add_video_to_conferences.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140414131028_add_video_to_conferences.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddVideoToConferences < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :conferences, :media_id, :string
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140514140013_remove_rating_desc_from_cfp.rb b/db/migrate/20140514140013_remove_rating_desc_from_cfp.rb
index c8bd9bb4..8f25368d 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140514140013_remove_rating_desc_from_cfp.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140514140013_remove_rating_desc_from_cfp.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class RemoveRatingDescFromCfp < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def up
     remove_column :call_for_papers, :rating_desc
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140528072939_add_color_to_conference.rb b/db/migrate/20140528072939_add_color_to_conference.rb
index c3f83980..37aa6f99 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140528072939_add_color_to_conference.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140528072939_add_color_to_conference.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddColorToConference < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :conferences, :color, :string, default: '#000000'
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140528084706_add_description_to_conference.rb b/db/migrate/20140528084706_add_description_to_conference.rb
index 0cb7291d..9e1612fc 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140528084706_add_description_to_conference.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140528084706_add_description_to_conference.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddDescriptionToConference < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :conferences, :description, :text
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140528115842_add_registration_description_to_conference.rb b/db/migrate/20140528115842_add_registration_description_to_conference.rb
index b893de72..3886549a 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140528115842_add_registration_description_to_conference.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140528115842_add_registration_description_to_conference.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddRegistrationDescriptionToConference < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :conferences, :registration_description, :text
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140529133052_add_ticket_description_to_conference.rb b/db/migrate/20140529133052_add_ticket_description_to_conference.rb
index ccb610d9..bbd4b997 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140529133052_add_ticket_description_to_conference.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140529133052_add_ticket_description_to_conference.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddTicketDescriptionToConference < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :conferences, :ticket_description, :text
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140529133228_add_description_to_supporter_level.rb b/db/migrate/20140529133228_add_description_to_supporter_level.rb
index 4473c851..68b04806 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140529133228_add_description_to_supporter_level.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140529133228_add_description_to_supporter_level.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddDescriptionToSupporterLevel < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :supporter_levels, :description, :text
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140529133339_add_ticket_price_to_supporter_level.rb b/db/migrate/20140529133339_add_ticket_price_to_supporter_level.rb
index c7ac5002..cc993529 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140529133339_add_ticket_price_to_supporter_level.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140529133339_add_ticket_price_to_supporter_level.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddTicketPriceToSupporterLevel < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :supporter_levels, :ticket_price, :string
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140530082708_remove_color_defaults.rb b/db/migrate/20140530082708_remove_color_defaults.rb
index 4292ecca..d5b7fe50 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140530082708_remove_color_defaults.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140530082708_remove_color_defaults.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class RemoveColorDefaults < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     change_column_default(:tracks, :color, nil)
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140603092041_create_openids.rb b/db/migrate/20140603092041_create_openids.rb
index 4ca63029..93cf271d 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140603092041_create_openids.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140603092041_create_openids.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class CreateOpenids < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     create_table :openids do |t|
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140604061951_create_lodgings.rb b/db/migrate/20140604061951_create_lodgings.rb
index 45412bcc..e9192e33 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140604061951_create_lodgings.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140604061951_create_lodgings.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class CreateLodgings < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     create_table :lodgings do |t|
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140604142949_remove_hard_deadline_from_call_for_papers.rb b/db/migrate/20140604142949_remove_hard_deadline_from_call_for_papers.rb
index 7d567199..b1e3d052 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140604142949_remove_hard_deadline_from_call_for_papers.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140604142949_remove_hard_deadline_from_call_for_papers.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class RemoveHardDeadlineFromCallForPapers < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def up
     remove_column :call_for_papers, :hard_deadline
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140605055802_create_sponsorship_levels.rb b/db/migrate/20140605055802_create_sponsorship_levels.rb
index 1a93980b..e192b2c1 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140605055802_create_sponsorship_levels.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140605055802_create_sponsorship_levels.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class CreateSponsorshipLevels < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     create_table :sponsorship_levels do |t|
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140605115251_create_sponsors.rb b/db/migrate/20140605115251_create_sponsors.rb
index 0c3bd063..fb2751d2 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140605115251_create_sponsors.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140605115251_create_sponsors.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class CreateSponsors < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     create_table :sponsors do |t|
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140605125153_update_event_states.rb b/db/migrate/20140605125153_update_event_states.rb
index b4a888c6..e5302c8e 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140605125153_update_event_states.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140605125153_update_event_states.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class UpdateEventStates < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     execute "UPDATE events SET state='new' WHERE state = 'review';"
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140606102331_add_sponsor_description_to_conference.rb b/db/migrate/20140606102331_add_sponsor_description_to_conference.rb
index 39d6de6e..eb01d770 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140606102331_add_sponsor_description_to_conference.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140606102331_add_sponsor_description_to_conference.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddSponsorDescriptionToConference < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :conferences, :sponsor_description, :text
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140606102358_add_sponsor_email_to_conference.rb b/db/migrate/20140606102358_add_sponsor_email_to_conference.rb
index 7dc0b56e..7446746b 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140606102358_add_sponsor_email_to_conference.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140606102358_add_sponsor_email_to_conference.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddSponsorEmailToConference < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :conferences, :sponsor_email, :string
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140609172219_add_person_attributes_to_user.rb b/db/migrate/20140609172219_add_person_attributes_to_user.rb
index 140d7771..e9b1fcee 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140609172219_add_person_attributes_to_user.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140609172219_add_person_attributes_to_user.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddPersonAttributesToUser < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :users, :name, :string
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140610064046_create_photos.rb b/db/migrate/20140610064046_create_photos.rb
index 846b7934..5e1aab05 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140610064046_create_photos.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140610064046_create_photos.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class CreatePhotos < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     create_table :photos do |t|
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140610163947_create_event_users.rb b/db/migrate/20140610163947_create_event_users.rb
index 7d0fdbe3..6165fd2c 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140610163947_create_event_users.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140610163947_create_event_users.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class CreateEventUsers < ActiveRecord::Migration
   class TempPerson < ActiveRecord::Base
     self.table_name = 'people'
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140610165551_migrate_data_person_to_user.rb b/db/migrate/20140610165551_migrate_data_person_to_user.rb
index d606ba28..db5f2116 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140610165551_migrate_data_person_to_user.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140610165551_migrate_data_person_to_user.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class MigrateDataPersonToUser < ActiveRecord::Migration
   class TempPerson < ActiveRecord::Base
     self.table_name = 'people'
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140610173021_change_person_id_to_user_id_in_registrations.rb b/db/migrate/20140610173021_change_person_id_to_user_id_in_registrations.rb
index ac54e435..b6858f7e 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140610173021_change_person_id_to_user_id_in_registrations.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140610173021_change_person_id_to_user_id_in_registrations.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class ChangePersonIdToUserIdInRegistrations < ActiveRecord::Migration
   class TempPerson < ActiveRecord::Base
     self.table_name = 'people'
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140611123926_change_person_id_to_user_id_in_votes.rb b/db/migrate/20140611123926_change_person_id_to_user_id_in_votes.rb
index 973f0001..38f39700 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140611123926_change_person_id_to_user_id_in_votes.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140611123926_change_person_id_to_user_id_in_votes.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class ChangePersonIdToUserIdInVotes < ActiveRecord::Migration
   class TempPerson < ActiveRecord::Base
     self.table_name = 'people'
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140612141123_add_color_to_event_type.rb b/db/migrate/20140612141123_add_color_to_event_type.rb
index 210256ea..ffe250a4 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140612141123_add_color_to_event_type.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140612141123_add_color_to_event_type.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddColorToEventType < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :event_types, :color, :string
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140612181230_add_social_urls_to_conference.rb b/db/migrate/20140612181230_add_social_urls_to_conference.rb
index 5144cbd2..44cd3373 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140612181230_add_social_urls_to_conference.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140612181230_add_social_urls_to_conference.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddSocialUrlsToConference < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :conferences, :twitter_url, :string
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140613083115_add_photo_to_venue.rb b/db/migrate/20140613083115_add_photo_to_venue.rb
index c2d0454c..8d2f7a52 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140613083115_add_photo_to_venue.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140613083115_add_photo_to_venue.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddPhotoToVenue < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :venues, :photo_file_name, :string
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140614171853_add_lodging_description_to_conference.rb b/db/migrate/20140614171853_add_lodging_description_to_conference.rb
index 37dd2c30..7e34573a 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140614171853_add_lodging_description_to_conference.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140614171853_add_lodging_description_to_conference.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddLodgingDescriptionToConference < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :conferences, :lodging_description, :text
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140614174354_add_website_link_to_lodging.rb b/db/migrate/20140614174354_add_website_link_to_lodging.rb
index 63c37bb3..d7f6d809 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140614174354_add_website_link_to_lodging.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140614174354_add_website_link_to_lodging.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddWebsiteLinkToLodging < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :lodgings, :website_link, :string
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140616131731_add_make_conference_public_to_conference.rb b/db/migrate/20140616131731_add_make_conference_public_to_conference.rb
index 9cf9195b..20c41a52 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140616131731_add_make_conference_public_to_conference.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140616131731_add_make_conference_public_to_conference.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddMakeConferencePublicToConference < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :conferences, :make_conference_public, :boolean, default: false
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140616132153_create_targets.rb b/db/migrate/20140616132153_create_targets.rb
index 0295816e..3f5e4b7e 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140616132153_create_targets.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140616132153_create_targets.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class CreateTargets < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     create_table :targets do |t|
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140616132456_create_campaigns.rb b/db/migrate/20140616132456_create_campaigns.rb
index 9e696b68..edb06d58 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140616132456_create_campaigns.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140616132456_create_campaigns.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class CreateCampaigns < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     create_table :campaigns do |t|
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140617140018_add_checkboxes_for_splash_components_to_conference.rb b/db/migrate/20140617140018_add_checkboxes_for_splash_components_to_conference.rb
index 5822c6cd..a716507c 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140617140018_add_checkboxes_for_splash_components_to_conference.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140617140018_add_checkboxes_for_splash_components_to_conference.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddCheckboxesForSplashComponentsToConference < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :conferences, :include_registrations_in_splash, :boolean, default: false
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140617141918_add_include_cfp_in_splash_to_call_for_papers.rb b/db/migrate/20140617141918_add_include_cfp_in_splash_to_call_for_papers.rb
index 415927e4..e8ab8e23 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140617141918_add_include_cfp_in_splash_to_call_for_papers.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140617141918_add_include_cfp_in_splash_to_call_for_papers.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddIncludeCfpInSplashToCallForPapers < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :call_for_papers, :include_cfp_in_splash, :boolean, default: false
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140617145048_add_venue_checkboxes_to_venue.rb b/db/migrate/20140617145048_add_venue_checkboxes_to_venue.rb
index eeb7bfea..fc6d82d3 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140617145048_add_venue_checkboxes_to_venue.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140617145048_add_venue_checkboxes_to_venue.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddVenueCheckboxesToVenue < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :venues, :include_venue_in_splash, :boolean, default: false
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140620130306_add_banner_photo_to_conference.rb b/db/migrate/20140620130306_add_banner_photo_to_conference.rb
index 37b66b6e..c6ca6ecc 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140620130306_add_banner_photo_to_conference.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140620130306_add_banner_photo_to_conference.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddBannerPhotoToConference < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :conferences, :banner_photo_file_name, :string
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140620134535_add_include_banner_in_splash_to_conference.rb b/db/migrate/20140620134535_add_include_banner_in_splash_to_conference.rb
index 99e72412..229172ea 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140620134535_add_include_banner_in_splash_to_conference.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140620134535_add_include_banner_in_splash_to_conference.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddIncludeBannerInSplashToConference < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :conferences, :include_banner_in_splash, :boolean, default: false
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140623100942_create_visits.rb b/db/migrate/20140623100942_create_visits.rb
index 561fa177..49d409b6 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140623100942_create_visits.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140623100942_create_visits.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class CreateVisits < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     create_table :visits do |t|
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140623101032_create_ahoy_events.rb b/db/migrate/20140623101032_create_ahoy_events.rb
index c865a59c..63db8ba7 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140623101032_create_ahoy_events.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140623101032_create_ahoy_events.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class CreateAhoyEvents < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     create_table :ahoy_events  do |t|
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140623150541_drop_person_and_event_person_tables.rb b/db/migrate/20140623150541_drop_person_and_event_person_tables.rb
index d83ae15b..779f4450 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140623150541_drop_person_and_event_person_tables.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140623150541_drop_person_and_event_person_tables.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class DropPersonAndEventPersonTables < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     drop_table :people
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140625112608_add_week_to_event.rb b/db/migrate/20140625112608_add_week_to_event.rb
index 72d05389..810e5cee 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140625112608_add_week_to_event.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140625112608_add_week_to_event.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddWeekToEvent < ActiveRecord::Migration
   class Event < ActiveRecord::Base
   end
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140625114813_add_week_to_registration.rb b/db/migrate/20140625114813_add_week_to_registration.rb
index 29484a79..fb6e966c 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140625114813_add_week_to_registration.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140625114813_add_week_to_registration.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddWeekToRegistration < ActiveRecord::Migration
   class Registration < ActiveRecord::Base
   end
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140627165718_add_instagram_url_to_conference.rb b/db/migrate/20140627165718_add_instagram_url_to_conference.rb
index d405bbc4..bb6859d9 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140627165718_add_instagram_url_to_conference.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140627165718_add_instagram_url_to_conference.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddInstagramUrlToConference < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :conferences, :instagram_url, :string
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140701123203_add_events_per_week_to_conference.rb b/db/migrate/20140701123203_add_events_per_week_to_conference.rb
index 2b4d3342..42ab422b 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140701123203_add_events_per_week_to_conference.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140701123203_add_events_per_week_to_conference.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddEventsPerWeekToConference < ActiveRecord::Migration
   class TempVersion < ActiveRecord::Base
     self.table_name = 'versions'
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140707120158_add_conference_dates_updates_to_email_settings.rb b/db/migrate/20140707120158_add_conference_dates_updates_to_email_settings.rb
index 24889597..6755eb36 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140707120158_add_conference_dates_updates_to_email_settings.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140707120158_add_conference_dates_updates_to_email_settings.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddConferenceDatesUpdatesToEmailSettings < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :email_settings, :send_on_updated_conference_dates, :boolean, default: true
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140710130608_add_conference_registration_dates_updates_to_email_settings.rb b/db/migrate/20140710130608_add_conference_registration_dates_updates_to_email_settings.rb
index 6313619b..6c33a5a3 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140710130608_add_conference_registration_dates_updates_to_email_settings.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140710130608_add_conference_registration_dates_updates_to_email_settings.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddConferenceRegistrationDatesUpdatesToEmailSettings < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :email_settings, :send_on_updated_conference_registration_dates, :boolean, default: true
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140711072651_add_description_and_resource_to_roles.rb b/db/migrate/20140711072651_add_description_and_resource_to_roles.rb
index 8e5a16ec..ba803aec 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140711072651_add_description_and_resource_to_roles.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140711072651_add_description_and_resource_to_roles.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddDescriptionAndResourceToRoles < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :roles, :description, :string
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140711113037_add_venue_update_to_email_settings.rb b/db/migrate/20140711113037_add_venue_update_to_email_settings.rb
index 9280181b..a03d1704 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140711113037_add_venue_update_to_email_settings.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140711113037_add_venue_update_to_email_settings.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddVenueUpdateToEmailSettings < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :email_settings, :send_on_venue_update, :boolean, default: true
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140714141156_add_volunteer_fields_to_user.rb b/db/migrate/20140714141156_add_volunteer_fields_to_user.rb
index cf69a37f..293b179d 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140714141156_add_volunteer_fields_to_user.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140714141156_add_volunteer_fields_to_user.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddVolunteerFieldsToUser < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :users, :mobile, :string
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140716115448_add_default_value_to_email_settings.rb b/db/migrate/20140716115448_add_default_value_to_email_settings.rb
index 947aca55..404219fa 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140716115448_add_default_value_to_email_settings.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140716115448_add_default_value_to_email_settings.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddDefaultValueToEmailSettings < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def up
     change_column :email_settings, :send_on_registration, :boolean, default: false
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140718103856_add_is_admin_to_users.rb b/db/migrate/20140718103856_add_is_admin_to_users.rb
index 1511d822..de524058 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140718103856_add_is_admin_to_users.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140718103856_add_is_admin_to_users.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddIsAdminToUsers < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :users, :is_admin, :boolean, default: false
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140719160903_create_delayed_jobs.rb b/db/migrate/20140719160903_create_delayed_jobs.rb
index ee7515c2..d3ddfa00 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140719160903_create_delayed_jobs.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140719160903_create_delayed_jobs.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class CreateDelayedJobs < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def self.up
     create_table :delayed_jobs, force: true do |table|
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140724113107_add_call_for_papers_updates_to_email_settings.rb b/db/migrate/20140724113107_add_call_for_papers_updates_to_email_settings.rb
index b7f0e6bb..dc4206b3 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140724113107_add_call_for_papers_updates_to_email_settings.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140724113107_add_call_for_papers_updates_to_email_settings.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddCallForPapersUpdatesToEmailSettings < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :email_settings, :send_on_call_for_papers_dates_updates, :boolean, default: false
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140724153520_create_subscriptions.rb b/db/migrate/20140724153520_create_subscriptions.rb
index 25124489..80a246df 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140724153520_create_subscriptions.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140724153520_create_subscriptions.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class CreateSubscriptions < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     create_table :subscriptions do |t|
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140730104658_migrate_roles_for_cancancan.rb b/db/migrate/20140730104658_migrate_roles_for_cancancan.rb
index d4259863..ed76b7c0 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140730104658_migrate_roles_for_cancancan.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140730104658_migrate_roles_for_cancancan.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class MigrateRolesForCancancan < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def up
     # Store the number of existing roles
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140731153332_create_contacts.rb b/db/migrate/20140731153332_create_contacts.rb
index df1b3ce7..db76cd09 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140731153332_create_contacts.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140731153332_create_contacts.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class CreateContacts < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     create_table :contacts do |t|
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140731165107_move_conference_contact_details_to_contact.rb b/db/migrate/20140731165107_move_conference_contact_details_to_contact.rb
index 6098c024..43e3ce35 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140731165107_move_conference_contact_details_to_contact.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140731165107_move_conference_contact_details_to_contact.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class MoveConferenceContactDetailsToContact < ActiveRecord::Migration
   class TempConference < ActiveRecord::Base
     self.table_name = 'conferences'
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140801103645_create_commercials.rb b/db/migrate/20140801103645_create_commercials.rb
index 62074a6f..bc73fb82 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140801103645_create_commercials.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140801103645_create_commercials.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class CreateCommercials < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     create_table :commercials do |t|
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140801164901_move_conference_media_to_commercial.rb b/db/migrate/20140801164901_move_conference_media_to_commercial.rb
index d22f541c..73d1ea87 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140801164901_move_conference_media_to_commercial.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140801164901_move_conference_media_to_commercial.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class MoveConferenceMediaToCommercial < ActiveRecord::Migration
   class TempConference < ActiveRecord::Base
     self.table_name = 'conferences'
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140801170430_move_event_media_to_commercial.rb b/db/migrate/20140801170430_move_event_media_to_commercial.rb
index b4fdc16f..3dc3c973 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140801170430_move_event_media_to_commercial.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140801170430_move_event_media_to_commercial.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class MoveEventMediaToCommercial < ActiveRecord::Migration
   class TempEvent < ActiveRecord::Base
     self.table_name = 'events'
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140804185823_create_registration_periods.rb b/db/migrate/20140804185823_create_registration_periods.rb
index 4906144a..e8814623 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140804185823_create_registration_periods.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140804185823_create_registration_periods.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class CreateRegistrationPeriods < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def up
     create_table :registration_periods do |t|
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140812065531_move_conference_registration_data_to_registration_periods.rb b/db/migrate/20140812065531_move_conference_registration_data_to_registration_periods.rb
index 7d86ae75..a31295a5 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140812065531_move_conference_registration_data_to_registration_periods.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140812065531_move_conference_registration_data_to_registration_periods.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class MoveConferenceRegistrationDataToRegistrationPeriods < ActiveRecord::Migration
   class TempConference < ActiveRecord::Base
     self.table_name = 'conferences'
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140819124315_rename_supporter_level_to_ticket.rb b/db/migrate/20140819124315_rename_supporter_level_to_ticket.rb
index 38fb10b6..c88ccba5 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140819124315_rename_supporter_level_to_ticket.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140819124315_rename_supporter_level_to_ticket.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class RenameSupporterLevelToTicket < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def up
     rename_table :supporter_levels, :tickets
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140820093735_migrating_supporter_registrations_to_ticket_users.rb b/db/migrate/20140820093735_migrating_supporter_registrations_to_ticket_users.rb
index 8be20de2..0f095661 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140820093735_migrating_supporter_registrations_to_ticket_users.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140820093735_migrating_supporter_registrations_to_ticket_users.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class MigratingSupporterRegistrationsToTicketUsers < ActiveRecord::Migration
   class TempSupporterRegistrations < ActiveRecord::Base
     self.table_name = 'supporter_registrations'
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140820123503_assign_users_to_events.rb b/db/migrate/20140820123503_assign_users_to_events.rb
index dc0334a7..a18f6da6 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140820123503_assign_users_to_events.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140820123503_assign_users_to_events.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AssignUsersToEvents < ActiveRecord::Migration
   class TempEvent < ActiveRecord::Base
     self.table_name = 'events'
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140820124117_undo_wrong_migration20140801080705_add_users_to_events.rb b/db/migrate/20140820124117_undo_wrong_migration20140801080705_add_users_to_events.rb
index 60b77df2..db2d1bb8 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140820124117_undo_wrong_migration20140801080705_add_users_to_events.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140820124117_undo_wrong_migration20140801080705_add_users_to_events.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class UndoWrongMigration20140801080705AddUsersToEvents < ActiveRecord::Migration
   class TempEvent < ActiveRecord::Base
     self.table_name = 'events'
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140821103643_split_ticket_price_in_price_and_currency.rb b/db/migrate/20140821103643_split_ticket_price_in_price_and_currency.rb
index 0dbf1045..99e8714b 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140821103643_split_ticket_price_in_price_and_currency.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140821103643_split_ticket_price_in_price_and_currency.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class SplitTicketPriceInPriceAndCurrency < ActiveRecord::Migration
   class TempTicket < ActiveRecord::Base
     self.table_name = 'tickets'
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140825091222_create_splashpages.rb b/db/migrate/20140825091222_create_splashpages.rb
index 0c9ca9b6..4056d86c 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140825091222_create_splashpages.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140825091222_create_splashpages.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class CreateSplashpages < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     create_table :splashpages do |t|
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140825093132_move_splashpage_attributes_from_conference_to_splashpage.rb b/db/migrate/20140825093132_move_splashpage_attributes_from_conference_to_splashpage.rb
index 222fa20b..32611962 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140825093132_move_splashpage_attributes_from_conference_to_splashpage.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140825093132_move_splashpage_attributes_from_conference_to_splashpage.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class MoveSplashpageAttributesFromConferenceToSplashpage < ActiveRecord::Migration
   class TempConference < ActiveRecord::Base
     self.table_name = 'conferences'
diff --git a/db/migrate/20140930092923_move_sponsor_email_to_contact.rb b/db/migrate/20140930092923_move_sponsor_email_to_contact.rb
index 2fe5f47a..d4a74022 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20140930092923_move_sponsor_email_to_contact.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20140930092923_move_sponsor_email_to_contact.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class MoveSponsorEmailToContact < ActiveRecord::Migration
   class TempConference < ActiveRecord::Base
     self.table_name = 'conferences'
diff --git a/db/migrate/20141031225545_add_require_handicapped_access_to_questions.rb b/db/migrate/20141031225545_add_require_handicapped_access_to_questions.rb
index ad2328c9..b01ccd49 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20141031225545_add_require_handicapped_access_to_questions.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20141031225545_add_require_handicapped_access_to_questions.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddRequireHandicappedAccessToQuestions < ActiveRecord::Migration
   class TempRegistration < ActiveRecord::Base
     self.table_name = 'registrations'
diff --git a/db/migrate/20141031225606_add_attending_with_partner_to_questions.rb b/db/migrate/20141031225606_add_attending_with_partner_to_questions.rb
index 0a63a380..61f50300 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20141031225606_add_attending_with_partner_to_questions.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20141031225606_add_attending_with_partner_to_questions.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddAttendingWithPartnerToQuestions < ActiveRecord::Migration
   class TempRegistration < ActiveRecord::Base
     self.table_name = 'registrations'
diff --git a/db/migrate/20141031225620_add_staying_at_suggested_hotel_to_questions.rb b/db/migrate/20141031225620_add_staying_at_suggested_hotel_to_questions.rb
index fb0d8781..e2f44624 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20141031225620_add_staying_at_suggested_hotel_to_questions.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20141031225620_add_staying_at_suggested_hotel_to_questions.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddStayingAtSuggestedHotelToQuestions < ActiveRecord::Migration
   class TempRegistration < ActiveRecord::Base
     self.table_name = 'registrations'
diff --git a/db/migrate/20141031225635_add_attending_social_events_to_questions.rb b/db/migrate/20141031225635_add_attending_social_events_to_questions.rb
index 54e3bb33..fc606442 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20141031225635_add_attending_social_events_to_questions.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20141031225635_add_attending_social_events_to_questions.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddAttendingSocialEventsToQuestions < ActiveRecord::Migration
   class TempRegistration < ActiveRecord::Base
     self.table_name = 'registrations'
diff --git a/db/migrate/20141103132913_add_username_to_users.rb b/db/migrate/20141103132913_add_username_to_users.rb
index 59cd8591..48b0573c 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20141103132913_add_username_to_users.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20141103132913_add_username_to_users.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddUsernameToUsers < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :users, :username, :string
diff --git a/db/migrate/20141104131625_generate_username.rb b/db/migrate/20141104131625_generate_username.rb
index e1ddf111..e75c8086 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20141104131625_generate_username.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20141104131625_generate_username.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class GenerateUsername < ActiveRecord::Migration
   class TempUser < ActiveRecord::Base
     self.table_name = 'users'
diff --git a/db/migrate/20141106141750_add_is_disabled_flag_to_user.rb b/db/migrate/20141106141750_add_is_disabled_flag_to_user.rb
index 07830d74..6f3fa63c 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20141106141750_add_is_disabled_flag_to_user.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20141106141750_add_is_disabled_flag_to_user.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddIsDisabledFlagToUser < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :users, :is_disabled, :boolean, default: false
diff --git a/db/migrate/20141109172204_set_room_public_default_to_false.rb b/db/migrate/20141109172204_set_room_public_default_to_false.rb
index ae215bab..1b198154 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20141109172204_set_room_public_default_to_false.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20141109172204_set_room_public_default_to_false.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class SetRoomPublicDefaultToFalse < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     change_column :rooms, :public, :boolean, default: false
diff --git a/db/migrate/20141113134103_add_position_to_sponsorship_level.rb b/db/migrate/20141113134103_add_position_to_sponsorship_level.rb
index 5663d3e6..3683964d 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20141113134103_add_position_to_sponsorship_level.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20141113134103_add_position_to_sponsorship_level.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddPositionToSponsorshipLevel < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :sponsorship_levels, :position, :integer
diff --git a/db/migrate/20141117214230_move_banner_description_to_conference.rb b/db/migrate/20141117214230_move_banner_description_to_conference.rb
index 6073926f..c2f30765 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20141117214230_move_banner_description_to_conference.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20141117214230_move_banner_description_to_conference.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class MoveBannerDescriptionToConference < ActiveRecord::Migration
   class TempConference < ActiveRecord::Base
     self.table_name = 'conferences'
diff --git a/db/migrate/20141117222919_drop_splash_descriptions_and_photo.rb b/db/migrate/20141117222919_drop_splash_descriptions_and_photo.rb
index 343ea467..e4701a12 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20141117222919_drop_splash_descriptions_and_photo.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20141117222919_drop_splash_descriptions_and_photo.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class DropSplashDescriptionsAndPhoto < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     remove_column :splashpages, :ticket_description
diff --git a/db/migrate/20141118143700_add_address_fields_to_venue.rb b/db/migrate/20141118143700_add_address_fields_to_venue.rb
index 01df5d9b..c91d6033 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20141118143700_add_address_fields_to_venue.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20141118143700_add_address_fields_to_venue.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddAddressFieldsToVenue < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :venues, :street, :string
diff --git a/db/migrate/20141118150427_cleanup_venue.rb b/db/migrate/20141118150427_cleanup_venue.rb
index b985c676..31cb86fd 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20141118150427_cleanup_venue.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20141118150427_cleanup_venue.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class CleanupVenue < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     change_column :venues, :name, :string
diff --git a/db/migrate/20141118153918_change_venue_conference_association.rb b/db/migrate/20141118153918_change_venue_conference_association.rb
index 810179e5..26096c82 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20141118153918_change_venue_conference_association.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20141118153918_change_venue_conference_association.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class ChangeVenueConferenceAssociation < ActiveRecord::Migration
   class TempConference < ActiveRecord::Base
     self.table_name = 'conferences'
diff --git a/db/migrate/20141118162030_change_lodging_association_to_conference.rb b/db/migrate/20141118162030_change_lodging_association_to_conference.rb
index 352075ec..0b91b587 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20141118162030_change_lodging_association_to_conference.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20141118162030_change_lodging_association_to_conference.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class ChangeLodgingAssociationToConference < ActiveRecord::Migration
   class TempConference < ActiveRecord::Base
     self.table_name = 'conferences'
diff --git a/db/migrate/20141120205757_remove_public_from_room.rb b/db/migrate/20141120205757_remove_public_from_room.rb
index fa44e5ac..f96aa84c 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20141120205757_remove_public_from_room.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20141120205757_remove_public_from_room.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class RemovePublicFromRoom < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     remove_column :rooms, :public, :boolean, default: false
diff --git a/db/migrate/20141121102656_remove_description_from_call_for_paper.rb b/db/migrate/20141121102656_remove_description_from_call_for_paper.rb
index 89e8cdbb..fc6282a5 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20141121102656_remove_description_from_call_for_paper.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20141121102656_remove_description_from_call_for_paper.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class RemoveDescriptionFromCallForPaper < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     remove_column :call_for_papers, :description, :text
diff --git a/db/migrate/20141127161313_add_is_highlight_in_events.rb b/db/migrate/20141127161313_add_is_highlight_in_events.rb
index 0b61ef26..694e0ea2 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20141127161313_add_is_highlight_in_events.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20141127161313_add_is_highlight_in_events.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddIsHighlightInEvents < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :events, :is_highlight, :boolean, default: false
diff --git a/db/migrate/20141128073306_migrate_data_remove_column_include_cfp_in_splash_add_column_include_cfp.rb b/db/migrate/20141128073306_migrate_data_remove_column_include_cfp_in_splash_add_column_include_cfp.rb
index 2f794f75..6d0390b6 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20141128073306_migrate_data_remove_column_include_cfp_in_splash_add_column_include_cfp.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20141128073306_migrate_data_remove_column_include_cfp_in_splash_add_column_include_cfp.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class MigrateDataRemoveColumnIncludeCfpInSplashAddColumnIncludeCfp < ActiveRecord::Migration
   class TempConference < ActiveRecord::Base
     self.table_name = 'conferences'
diff --git a/db/migrate/20141130182139_drop_table_event_attachments.rb b/db/migrate/20141130182139_drop_table_event_attachments.rb
index 76f2d72e..dbe856c1 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20141130182139_drop_table_event_attachments.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20141130182139_drop_table_event_attachments.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class DropTableEventAttachments < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     drop_table :event_attachments
diff --git a/db/migrate/20150304135935_add_created_atto_qanswer.rb b/db/migrate/20150304135935_add_created_atto_qanswer.rb
index a0a2f4cf..e4a319e2 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20150304135935_add_created_atto_qanswer.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20150304135935_add_created_atto_qanswer.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddCreatedAttoQanswer < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :qanswers, :created_at, :datetime
diff --git a/db/migrate/20150415121038_add_description_to_event_type.rb b/db/migrate/20150415121038_add_description_to_event_type.rb
index fa688c02..3979d574 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20150415121038_add_description_to_event_type.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20150415121038_add_description_to_event_type.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddDescriptionToEventType < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :event_types, :description, :string
diff --git a/db/migrate/20150417050953_add_url_to_commercial.rb b/db/migrate/20150417050953_add_url_to_commercial.rb
index 56adf34f..4ab69724 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20150417050953_add_url_to_commercial.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20150417050953_add_url_to_commercial.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddUrlToCommercial < ActiveRecord::Migration
   class TempCommercial < ActiveRecord::Base
     self.table_name = 'commercials'
diff --git a/db/migrate/20150929142405_change_postalcode_format_in_venues.rb b/db/migrate/20150929142405_change_postalcode_format_in_venues.rb
index 010f9349..28f92c08 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20150929142405_change_postalcode_format_in_venues.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20150929142405_change_postalcode_format_in_venues.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class ChangePostalcodeFormatInVenues < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def up
     change_column :venues, :postalcode, :string
diff --git a/db/migrate/20151005161518_rename_templates_in_email_settings.rb b/db/migrate/20151005161518_rename_templates_in_email_settings.rb
index 8cb3ad49..848cd9a3 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20151005161518_rename_templates_in_email_settings.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20151005161518_rename_templates_in_email_settings.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class RenameTemplatesInEmailSettings < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     rename_column :email_settings, :registration_email_template, :registration_body
diff --git a/db/migrate/20151018152439_create_programs_table.rb b/db/migrate/20151018152439_create_programs_table.rb
index 4a71edb4..6024b7d4 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20151018152439_create_programs_table.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20151018152439_create_programs_table.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class CreateProgramsTable < ActiveRecord::Migration
   class TempConference < ActiveRecord::Base
     self.table_name = 'conferences'
diff --git a/db/migrate/20151018154513_rename_conference_id_to_program_id_in_events_tracks_difficulty_levels.rb b/db/migrate/20151018154513_rename_conference_id_to_program_id_in_events_tracks_difficulty_levels.rb
index b540b9a3..e5149a33 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20151018154513_rename_conference_id_to_program_id_in_events_tracks_difficulty_levels.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20151018154513_rename_conference_id_to_program_id_in_events_tracks_difficulty_levels.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class RenameConferenceIdToProgramIdInEventsTracksDifficultyLevels < ActiveRecord::Migration
   class TempConference < ActiveRecord::Base
     self.table_name = 'conferences'
diff --git a/db/migrate/20151021113015_rename_email_settings_with_cfp_and_program.rb b/db/migrate/20151021113015_rename_email_settings_with_cfp_and_program.rb
index ca2978ca..b43c6c23 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20151021113015_rename_email_settings_with_cfp_and_program.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20151021113015_rename_email_settings_with_cfp_and_program.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class RenameEmailSettingsWithCfpAndProgram < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     rename_column :email_settings, :send_on_call_for_papers_schedule_public, :send_on_program_schedule_public
diff --git a/db/migrate/20151031092713_change_conference_id_to_venue_id_in_rooms.rb b/db/migrate/20151031092713_change_conference_id_to_venue_id_in_rooms.rb
index ca8ef153..cab34a84 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20151031092713_change_conference_id_to_venue_id_in_rooms.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20151031092713_change_conference_id_to_venue_id_in_rooms.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class ChangeConferenceIdToVenueIdInRooms < ActiveRecord::Migration
   class TempConference < ActiveRecord::Base
     self.table_name = 'conferences'
diff --git a/db/migrate/20160201221411_add_registration_limit_to_conferences.rb b/db/migrate/20160201221411_add_registration_limit_to_conferences.rb
index bbc8724e..82aa4df7 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20160201221411_add_registration_limit_to_conferences.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20160201221411_add_registration_limit_to_conferences.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddRegistrationLimitToConferences < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :conferences, :registration_limit, :integer, default: 0
diff --git a/db/migrate/20160226133808_rename_roles_users_to_users_roles.rb b/db/migrate/20160226133808_rename_roles_users_to_users_roles.rb
index 6f8424b8..ca8af270 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20160226133808_rename_roles_users_to_users_roles.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20160226133808_rename_roles_users_to_users_roles.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class RenameRolesUsersToUsersRoles < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     rename_table :roles_users, :users_roles
diff --git a/db/migrate/20160309182642_remove_social_events_table.rb b/db/migrate/20160309182642_remove_social_events_table.rb
index e44a7c3f..62db7852 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20160309182642_remove_social_events_table.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20160309182642_remove_social_events_table.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class RemoveSocialEventsTable < ActiveRecord::Migration
   class TempConference < ActiveRecord::Base
     self.table_name = 'conferences'
diff --git a/db/migrate/20160309182655_remove_dietary_choices_table.rb b/db/migrate/20160309182655_remove_dietary_choices_table.rb
index c61876bc..7094b664 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20160309182655_remove_dietary_choices_table.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20160309182655_remove_dietary_choices_table.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class RemoveDietaryChoicesTable < ActiveRecord::Migration
   class TempDietaryChoice < ActiveRecord::Base
     self.table_name = 'dietary_choices'
diff --git a/db/migrate/20160309183052_remove_html_export_path_from_conferences.rb b/db/migrate/20160309183052_remove_html_export_path_from_conferences.rb
index f1d3171e..01fbd3a7 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20160309183052_remove_html_export_path_from_conferences.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20160309183052_remove_html_export_path_from_conferences.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class RemoveHtmlExportPathFromConferences < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     remove_column :conferences, :html_export_path, :string
diff --git a/db/migrate/20160320220630_add_languages_to_program.rb b/db/migrate/20160320220630_add_languages_to_program.rb
index b49c01d1..49be193f 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20160320220630_add_languages_to_program.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20160320220630_add_languages_to_program.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddLanguagesToProgram < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :programs, :languages, :string
diff --git a/db/migrate/20160323154504_add_max_attendees_to_events.rb b/db/migrate/20160323154504_add_max_attendees_to_events.rb
index a5a0d415..bb3e770f 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20160323154504_add_max_attendees_to_events.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20160323154504_add_max_attendees_to_events.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddMaxAttendeesToEvents < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :events, :max_attendees, :integer
diff --git a/db/migrate/20160326075326_add_attended_to_events_registrations.rb b/db/migrate/20160326075326_add_attended_to_events_registrations.rb
index 2cbb6edc..562cdf34 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20160326075326_add_attended_to_events_registrations.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20160326075326_add_attended_to_events_registrations.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddAttendedToEventsRegistrations < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :events_registrations, :attended, :boolean, default: false, null: false
diff --git a/db/migrate/20160403214841_add_id_and_created_at_to_events_registrations.rb b/db/migrate/20160403214841_add_id_and_created_at_to_events_registrations.rb
index 903ec851..6e1e7200 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20160403214841_add_id_and_created_at_to_events_registrations.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20160403214841_add_id_and_created_at_to_events_registrations.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddIdAndCreatedAtToEventsRegistrations < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :events_registrations, :id, :primary_key
diff --git a/db/migrate/20160427101444_remove_photos.rb b/db/migrate/20160427101444_remove_photos.rb
index 966cf187..d1f93a63 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20160427101444_remove_photos.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20160427101444_remove_photos.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class RemovePhotos < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     drop_table :photos do |t|
diff --git a/db/migrate/20160427104236_add_pictures.rb b/db/migrate/20160427104236_add_pictures.rb
index 5a56da9c..dcfa6a23 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20160427104236_add_pictures.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20160427104236_add_pictures.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddPictures < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :conferences, :picture, :string
diff --git a/db/migrate/20160427104237_add_blind_voting_to_programs.rb b/db/migrate/20160427104237_add_blind_voting_to_programs.rb
index 0313cf19..f92be56d 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20160427104237_add_blind_voting_to_programs.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20160427104237_add_blind_voting_to_programs.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddBlindVotingToPrograms < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :programs, :blind_voting, :boolean, default: false
diff --git a/db/migrate/20160427104238_add_voting_dates_to_program.rb b/db/migrate/20160427104238_add_voting_dates_to_program.rb
index 9dcbf752..32c20714 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20160427104238_add_voting_dates_to_program.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20160427104238_add_voting_dates_to_program.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddVotingDatesToProgram < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :programs, :voting_start_date, :datetime
diff --git a/db/migrate/20160524050538_add_conference_id_to_versions.rb b/db/migrate/20160524050538_add_conference_id_to_versions.rb
index 345218f1..e6c8a411 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20160524050538_add_conference_id_to_versions.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20160524050538_add_conference_id_to_versions.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddConferenceIdToVersions < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :versions, :conference_id, :integer
diff --git a/db/migrate/20160524104006_remove_unused_logo_columns_and_use_difficulty_levels_from_conferences.rb b/db/migrate/20160524104006_remove_unused_logo_columns_and_use_difficulty_levels_from_conferences.rb
index 77607c3f..fb3cedf6 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20160524104006_remove_unused_logo_columns_and_use_difficulty_levels_from_conferences.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20160524104006_remove_unused_logo_columns_and_use_difficulty_levels_from_conferences.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class RemoveUnusedLogoColumnsAndUseDifficultyLevelsFromConferences < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def up
     remove_column :conferences, :logo_updated_at
diff --git a/db/migrate/20160524104501_remove_unused_logo_columns_from_sponsors.rb b/db/migrate/20160524104501_remove_unused_logo_columns_from_sponsors.rb
index a1f0f4d5..1770d353 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20160524104501_remove_unused_logo_columns_from_sponsors.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20160524104501_remove_unused_logo_columns_from_sponsors.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class RemoveUnusedLogoColumnsFromSponsors < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def up
     remove_column :sponsors, :logo_updated_at
diff --git a/db/migrate/20160524104805_remove_logo_and_progress_and_time_slots_from_events.rb b/db/migrate/20160524104805_remove_logo_and_progress_and_time_slots_from_events.rb
index f70926df..eccfffb2 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20160524104805_remove_logo_and_progress_and_time_slots_from_events.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20160524104805_remove_logo_and_progress_and_time_slots_from_events.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class RemoveLogoAndProgressAndTimeSlotsFromEvents < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def up
     remove_column :events, :logo_file_name
diff --git a/db/migrate/20160606040848_create_payments.rb b/db/migrate/20160606040848_create_payments.rb
index 6792ad02..6db6f4c2 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20160606040848_create_payments.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20160606040848_create_payments.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class CreatePayments < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     create_table :payments do |t|
diff --git a/db/migrate/20160610073948_add_payment_id_to_ticket_purchases.rb b/db/migrate/20160610073948_add_payment_id_to_ticket_purchases.rb
index 133a047b..3c3f5997 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20160610073948_add_payment_id_to_ticket_purchases.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20160610073948_add_payment_id_to_ticket_purchases.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddPaymentIdToTicketPurchases < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :ticket_purchases, :payment_id, :integer
diff --git a/db/migrate/20160614145614_add_id_to_users_roles.rb b/db/migrate/20160614145614_add_id_to_users_roles.rb
index 20153f96..59b8936a 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20160614145614_add_id_to_users_roles.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20160614145614_add_id_to_users_roles.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddIdToUsersRoles < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :users_roles, :id, :primary_key
diff --git a/db/migrate/20160624151257_remove_unused_photo_columns_from_venues.rb b/db/migrate/20160624151257_remove_unused_photo_columns_from_venues.rb
index 78d61171..c0e29eb1 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20160624151257_remove_unused_photo_columns_from_venues.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20160624151257_remove_unused_photo_columns_from_venues.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class RemoveUnusedPhotoColumnsFromVenues < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def up
     remove_column :venues, :photo_updated_at
diff --git a/db/migrate/20160704091928_create_schedules.rb b/db/migrate/20160704091928_create_schedules.rb
index 19370ab4..184046cc 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20160704091928_create_schedules.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20160704091928_create_schedules.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class CreateSchedules < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     create_table :schedules do |t|
diff --git a/db/migrate/20160704092023_create_event_schedules.rb b/db/migrate/20160704092023_create_event_schedules.rb
index 3762f7e2..8158b277 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20160704092023_create_event_schedules.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20160704092023_create_event_schedules.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class CreateEventSchedules < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     create_table :event_schedules do |t|
diff --git a/db/migrate/20160815094215_add_times_to_conferences.rb b/db/migrate/20160815094215_add_times_to_conferences.rb
index 758ed841..70630f01 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20160815094215_add_times_to_conferences.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20160815094215_add_times_to_conferences.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddTimesToConferences < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :conferences, :start_hour, :integer, default: 9
diff --git a/db/migrate/20160815140302_add_index_to_event_schedule.rb b/db/migrate/20160815140302_add_index_to_event_schedule.rb
index 51ee51d4..373265fe 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20160815140302_add_index_to_event_schedule.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20160815140302_add_index_to_event_schedule.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddIndexToEventSchedule < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_index :event_schedules, [:event_id, :schedule_id], unique: true
diff --git a/db/migrate/20161229080315_add_comments_count_to_events.rb b/db/migrate/20161229080315_add_comments_count_to_events.rb
index e1d6ebec..25e9ed58 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20161229080315_add_comments_count_to_events.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20161229080315_add_comments_count_to_events.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddCommentsCountToEvents < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :events, :comments_count, :integer, default: 0, null: false
diff --git a/db/migrate/20170108053041_add_default_to_revision_in_conference.rb b/db/migrate/20170108053041_add_default_to_revision_in_conference.rb
index 1c3571de..1e06838c 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20170108053041_add_default_to_revision_in_conference.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20170108053041_add_default_to_revision_in_conference.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddDefaultToRevisionInConference < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     change_column :conferences, :revision, :integer, default: 0, null: false
diff --git a/db/migrate/20170129075434_create_resources_table.rb b/db/migrate/20170129075434_create_resources_table.rb
index 8228ddda..b3aec9df 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20170129075434_create_resources_table.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20170129075434_create_resources_table.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class CreateResourcesTable < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     create_table :resources do |t|
diff --git a/db/migrate/20170212145523_add_enabled_to_event_schedules.rb b/db/migrate/20170212145523_add_enabled_to_event_schedules.rb
index d89505fe..9d9cb819 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20170212145523_add_enabled_to_event_schedules.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20170212145523_add_enabled_to_event_schedules.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddEnabledToEventSchedules < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :event_schedules, :enabled, :boolean, default: true
diff --git a/db/migrate/20170213145807_change_email_public_from_users.rb b/db/migrate/20170213145807_change_email_public_from_users.rb
index 2bbaffa6..adac2310 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20170213145807_change_email_public_from_users.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20170213145807_change_email_public_from_users.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class ChangeEmailPublicFromUsers < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def up
     change_column_default :users, :email_public, true
diff --git a/db/migrate/20170302145716_add_schedule_interval_to_programs.rb b/db/migrate/20170302145716_add_schedule_interval_to_programs.rb
index 617aaf1e..1cc8bdcc 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20170302145716_add_schedule_interval_to_programs.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20170302145716_add_schedule_interval_to_programs.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddScheduleIntervalToPrograms < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :programs, :schedule_interval, :integer, default: 15, null: false
diff --git a/db/migrate/20170419132148_add_week_to_ticket_purchases.rb b/db/migrate/20170419132148_add_week_to_ticket_purchases.rb
index 0862eb16..8fe0be2c 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20170419132148_add_week_to_ticket_purchases.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20170419132148_add_week_to_ticket_purchases.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddWeekToTicketPurchases < ActiveRecord::Migration
   class TmpTicketPurchase < ActiveRecord::Base
     self.table_name = 'ticket_purchases'
diff --git a/db/migrate/20170516190048_create_booths.rb b/db/migrate/20170516190048_create_booths.rb
index d2aa0be6..4c315511 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20170516190048_create_booths.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20170516190048_create_booths.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class CreateBooths < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     create_table :booths do |t|
diff --git a/db/migrate/20170529215453_create_organizations.rb b/db/migrate/20170529215453_create_organizations.rb
index 0fa5450b..ffa424cc 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20170529215453_create_organizations.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20170529215453_create_organizations.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class CreateOrganizations < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     create_table :organizations do |t|
diff --git a/db/migrate/20170530072155_add_type_to_cfps.rb b/db/migrate/20170530072155_add_type_to_cfps.rb
index 50423281..603a6de0 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20170530072155_add_type_to_cfps.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20170530072155_add_type_to_cfps.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddTypeToCfps < ActiveRecord::Migration
   class TmpCfp < ActiveRecord::Base
     self.table_name = 'cfps'
diff --git a/db/migrate/20170530112510_create_booth_requests.rb b/db/migrate/20170530112510_create_booth_requests.rb
index 75e73a93..a6358a68 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20170530112510_create_booth_requests.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20170530112510_create_booth_requests.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class CreateBoothRequests < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     create_table :booth_requests do |t|
diff --git a/db/migrate/20170531094819_move_conferences_to_organizations.rb b/db/migrate/20170531094819_move_conferences_to_organizations.rb
index e70acf16..7f7e776c 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20170531094819_move_conferences_to_organizations.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20170531094819_move_conferences_to_organizations.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class MoveConferencesToOrganizations < ActiveRecord::Migration
   class TempConference < ActiveRecord::Base
     self.table_name = 'conferences'
diff --git a/db/migrate/20170603095900_create_physical_tickets.rb b/db/migrate/20170603095900_create_physical_tickets.rb
index 5e0c1d98..ef8abb65 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20170603095900_create_physical_tickets.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20170603095900_create_physical_tickets.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class CreatePhysicalTickets < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     create_table :physical_tickets do |t|
diff --git a/db/migrate/20170629162450_add_short_name_to_tracks.rb b/db/migrate/20170629162450_add_short_name_to_tracks.rb
index cbc6b431..a334885f 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20170629162450_add_short_name_to_tracks.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20170629162450_add_short_name_to_tracks.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddShortNameToTracks < ActiveRecord::Migration
   class TmpProgram < ActiveRecord::Base
     self.table_name = 'programs'
diff --git a/db/migrate/20170629232817_add_ticket_layout_to_conferences.rb b/db/migrate/20170629232817_add_ticket_layout_to_conferences.rb
index c07f85c3..faf67332 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20170629232817_add_ticket_layout_to_conferences.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20170629232817_add_ticket_layout_to_conferences.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddTicketLayoutToConferences < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :conferences, :ticket_layout, :integer, default: 0
diff --git a/db/migrate/20170705075039_add_state_cfp_active_and_submitter_reference_to_tracks.rb b/db/migrate/20170705075039_add_state_cfp_active_and_submitter_reference_to_tracks.rb
index 9cb7f7de..b42cf9c2 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20170705075039_add_state_cfp_active_and_submitter_reference_to_tracks.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20170705075039_add_state_cfp_active_and_submitter_reference_to_tracks.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddStateCfpActiveAndSubmitterReferenceToTracks < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :tracks, :state, :string
diff --git a/db/migrate/20170711102511_create_ticket_scannings.rb b/db/migrate/20170711102511_create_ticket_scannings.rb
index d1879f68..12c20eb1 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20170711102511_create_ticket_scannings.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20170711102511_create_ticket_scannings.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class CreateTicketScannings < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     create_table :ticket_scannings do |t|
diff --git a/db/migrate/20170712120556_add_room_and_dates_to_tracks.rb b/db/migrate/20170712120556_add_room_and_dates_to_tracks.rb
index fb8a064b..6c2d92b9 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20170712120556_add_room_and_dates_to_tracks.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20170712120556_add_room_and_dates_to_tracks.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddRoomAndDatesToTracks < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_reference :tracks, :room, index: true, foreign_key: true
diff --git a/db/migrate/20170715131706_make_track_state_not_null_and_add_default_value.rb b/db/migrate/20170715131706_make_track_state_not_null_and_add_default_value.rb
index 3d2520cf..2d8d9b2d 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20170715131706_make_track_state_not_null_and_add_default_value.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20170715131706_make_track_state_not_null_and_add_default_value.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class MakeTrackStateNotNullAndAddDefaultValue < ActiveRecord::Migration
   class TmpTrack < ActiveRecord::Base
     self.table_name = 'tracks'
diff --git a/db/migrate/20170720134353_make_track_cfp_active_not_null.rb b/db/migrate/20170720134353_make_track_cfp_active_not_null.rb
index 0f75d046..b96d84fe 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20170720134353_make_track_cfp_active_not_null.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20170720134353_make_track_cfp_active_not_null.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class MakeTrackCfpActiveNotNull < ActiveRecord::Migration
   class TmpTrack < ActiveRecord::Base
     self.table_name = 'tracks'
diff --git a/db/migrate/20170721001700_add_index_to_physical_tickets.rb b/db/migrate/20170721001700_add_index_to_physical_tickets.rb
index 46a0b8c0..042430fe 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20170721001700_add_index_to_physical_tickets.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20170721001700_add_index_to_physical_tickets.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddIndexToPhysicalTickets < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :physical_tickets, :token, :string
diff --git a/db/migrate/20170721184810_add_custom_domain_to_conferences.rb b/db/migrate/20170721184810_add_custom_domain_to_conferences.rb
index d5aef4fd..a3e2897b 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20170721184810_add_custom_domain_to_conferences.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20170721184810_add_custom_domain_to_conferences.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddCustomDomainToConferences < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :conferences, :custom_domain, :string
diff --git a/db/migrate/20170726065629_add_relevance_to_tracks.rb b/db/migrate/20170726065629_add_relevance_to_tracks.rb
index 215200c1..7db35227 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20170726065629_add_relevance_to_tracks.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20170726065629_add_relevance_to_tracks.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddRelevanceToTracks < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :tracks, :relevance, :text
diff --git a/db/migrate/20170727081731_add_include_booths_to_splashpages.rb b/db/migrate/20170727081731_add_include_booths_to_splashpages.rb
index da11ea8d..ea5882c1 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20170727081731_add_include_booths_to_splashpages.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20170727081731_add_include_booths_to_splashpages.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddIncludeBoothsToSplashpages < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :splashpages, :include_booths, :boolean
diff --git a/db/migrate/20170728182033_add_booth_limit_to_conferences.rb b/db/migrate/20170728182033_add_booth_limit_to_conferences.rb
index 60643784..ae0f1410 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20170728182033_add_booth_limit_to_conferences.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20170728182033_add_booth_limit_to_conferences.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddBoothLimitToConferences < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :conferences, :booth_limit, :integer, default: 0
diff --git a/db/migrate/20170731161207_add_booths_to_email_settings.rb b/db/migrate/20170731161207_add_booths_to_email_settings.rb
index 0b3a7a87..5df76759 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20170731161207_add_booths_to_email_settings.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20170731161207_add_booths_to_email_settings.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddBoothsToEmailSettings < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :email_settings, :send_on_booths_acceptance, :boolean, default: false
diff --git a/db/migrate/20170807092805_add_registration_ticket_to_tickets.rb b/db/migrate/20170807092805_add_registration_ticket_to_tickets.rb
index 0ee2410d..c2e4fd8e 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20170807092805_add_registration_ticket_to_tickets.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20170807092805_add_registration_ticket_to_tickets.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddRegistrationTicketToTickets < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :tickets, :registration_ticket, :boolean, default: false
diff --git a/db/migrate/20170809120927_add_track_reference_to_schedule.rb b/db/migrate/20170809120927_add_track_reference_to_schedule.rb
index 2c2d7f1c..b98fca24 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20170809120927_add_track_reference_to_schedule.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20170809120927_add_track_reference_to_schedule.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddTrackReferenceToSchedule < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_reference :schedules, :track, index: true, foreign_key: true
diff --git a/db/migrate/20170814174637_add_selected_schedule_to_tracks.rb b/db/migrate/20170814174637_add_selected_schedule_to_tracks.rb
index 05b7d417..bedc96c3 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20170814174637_add_selected_schedule_to_tracks.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20170814174637_add_selected_schedule_to_tracks.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddSelectedScheduleToTracks < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :tracks, :selected_schedule_id, :integer
diff --git a/db/migrate/20170905110034_add_description_to_cfps.rb b/db/migrate/20170905110034_add_description_to_cfps.rb
index a4976ee2..968a907c 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20170905110034_add_description_to_cfps.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20170905110034_add_description_to_cfps.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddDescriptionToCfps < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :cfps, :description, :text
diff --git a/db/migrate/20170924190528_add_amount_paid_to_ticket_purchases.rb b/db/migrate/20170924190528_add_amount_paid_to_ticket_purchases.rb
index 5e732d4c..f3357ee3 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20170924190528_add_amount_paid_to_ticket_purchases.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20170924190528_add_amount_paid_to_ticket_purchases.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddAmountPaidToTicketPurchases < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :ticket_purchases, :amount_paid, :float, default: 0
diff --git a/db/migrate/20171118113113_change_visit_id_type_of_ahoy_events_to_integer.rb b/db/migrate/20171118113113_change_visit_id_type_of_ahoy_events_to_integer.rb
index 61415970..58b08609 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20171118113113_change_visit_id_type_of_ahoy_events_to_integer.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20171118113113_change_visit_id_type_of_ahoy_events_to_integer.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class ChangeVisitIdTypeOfAhoyEventsToInteger < ActiveRecord::Migration[5.0]
   def change
     change_column :ahoy_events, :visit_id, :integer, limit: nil
diff --git a/db/migrate/20171130172334_rebuild_conference_pictures.rb b/db/migrate/20171130172334_rebuild_conference_pictures.rb
index a8d74bce..c19ae041 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20171130172334_rebuild_conference_pictures.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20171130172334_rebuild_conference_pictures.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class RebuildConferencePictures < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def up
     Conference.all.each do |conference|
diff --git a/db/migrate/20171201163628_add_mastodon_to_contact.rb b/db/migrate/20171201163628_add_mastodon_to_contact.rb
index 9b022019..a3cc50b6 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20171201163628_add_mastodon_to_contact.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20171201163628_add_mastodon_to_contact.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddMastodonToContact < ActiveRecord::Migration
   def change
     add_column :contacts, :mastodon, :string
diff --git a/db/migrate/20180226032958_add_created_at_and_updated_at_to_event_types.rb b/db/migrate/20180226032958_add_created_at_and_updated_at_to_event_types.rb
index ce8d3c11..ea2a1542 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20180226032958_add_created_at_and_updated_at_to_event_types.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20180226032958_add_created_at_and_updated_at_to_event_types.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddCreatedAtAndUpdatedAtToEventTypes < ActiveRecord::Migration[5.0]
   def up
     add_column :event_types, :created_at, :datetime
diff --git a/db/migrate/20180313012253_add_timestamps_to_tickets.rb b/db/migrate/20180313012253_add_timestamps_to_tickets.rb
index 85e8407e..eb2838db 100644
--- a/db/migrate/20180313012253_add_timestamps_to_tickets.rb
+++ b/db/migrate/20180313012253_add_timestamps_to_tickets.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 class AddTimestampsToTickets < ActiveRecord::Migration[5.0]
   def up
     add_column :tickets, :created_at, :datetime
diff --git a/db/seeds.rb b/db/seeds.rb
index bf3567e0..88d2d10a 100644
--- a/db/seeds.rb
+++ b/db/seeds.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 # This file should contain all the record creation needed to seed the database with its default values.
 # The data can then be loaded with the rake db:seed (or created alongside the db with db:setup).
 #
diff --git a/lib/tasks/capitalize_colors.rake b/lib/tasks/capitalize_colors.rake
index 48b9b4ef..aa80c688 100644
--- a/lib/tasks/capitalize_colors.rake
+++ b/lib/tasks/capitalize_colors.rake
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 namespace :data do
   desc 'Catitalize tracks, event types and difficult levels colors'
 
diff --git a/lib/tasks/cleardb.rake b/lib/tasks/cleardb.rake
index ca2a32ae..7cd9eb73 100644
--- a/lib/tasks/cleardb.rake
+++ b/lib/tasks/cleardb.rake
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 namespace :db do
   desc 'setup DATABASE_URL from CLEARDB_DATABASE_URL in config/database.yml'
   task 'cleardb_env' do
diff --git a/lib/tasks/data.rake b/lib/tasks/data.rake
index 215a1efe..08d2b8c8 100644
--- a/lib/tasks/data.rake
+++ b/lib/tasks/data.rake
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 namespace :data do
   desc 'Nullify wrong foreign keys'
 
diff --git a/lib/tasks/data_demo.rake b/lib/tasks/data_demo.rake
index 8debfe49..dd5c17ea 100644
--- a/lib/tasks/data_demo.rake
+++ b/lib/tasks/data_demo.rake
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 namespace :data do
   desc 'Create demo data using our factories'
   task demo: :environment do
diff --git a/lib/tasks/demo_data_for_development.rake b/lib/tasks/demo_data_for_development.rake
index 5be30c8e..4ce1f9e2 100644
--- a/lib/tasks/demo_data_for_development.rake
+++ b/lib/tasks/demo_data_for_development.rake
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 namespace :data do
   desc 'Create demo data for our local development'
   task test: :environment do
diff --git a/lib/tasks/dump_db.rake b/lib/tasks/dump_db.rake
index 6738f409..fff08335 100644
--- a/lib/tasks/dump_db.rake
+++ b/lib/tasks/dump_db.rake
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'yaml'
 task :dump_db do
   yaml = YAML.load_file("config/database.yml")
diff --git a/lib/tasks/event_attatchments.rake b/lib/tasks/event_attatchments.rake
index 46985168..31654885 100644
--- a/lib/tasks/event_attatchments.rake
+++ b/lib/tasks/event_attatchments.rake
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 namespace :db do
   desc 'Destroy event_attachments versions'
 
diff --git a/lib/tasks/events_registrations.rake b/lib/tasks/events_registrations.rake
index 726b739b..a8f83360 100644
--- a/lib/tasks/events_registrations.rake
+++ b/lib/tasks/events_registrations.rake
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 namespace :events_registrations do
   desc "Deletes dupicate entries"
   task deduplicate: :environment do
diff --git a/lib/tasks/factory_girl.rake b/lib/tasks/factory_girl.rake
index bccc1b66..81874326 100644
--- a/lib/tasks/factory_girl.rake
+++ b/lib/tasks/factory_girl.rake
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 namespace :factory_girl do
   desc "Verify that all FactoryGirl factories are valid"
   task lint: :environment do
diff --git a/lib/tasks/logo.rake b/lib/tasks/logo.rake
index 468b6d72..082bded4 100644
--- a/lib/tasks/logo.rake
+++ b/lib/tasks/logo.rake
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 namespace :data do
   namespace :migrate do
     desc 'Resize existing logo of sponsors after change in image manipulation specifications'
diff --git a/lib/tasks/migrate_config.rake b/lib/tasks/migrate_config.rake
index 452a061f..859d109b 100644
--- a/lib/tasks/migrate_config.rake
+++ b/lib/tasks/migrate_config.rake
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 namespace :data do
   namespace :migrate do
     desc 'Create a dotenv file from config/config.yml'
diff --git a/lib/tasks/normalize_resources.rake b/lib/tasks/normalize_resources.rake
index e05d0d69..a279d21e 100644
--- a/lib/tasks/normalize_resources.rake
+++ b/lib/tasks/normalize_resources.rake
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 namespace :data do
   desc 'Update resources with nil quantity/used fields'
   task normalize_resources: :environment do
diff --git a/lib/tasks/roles.rake b/lib/tasks/roles.rake
index c29d0e24..3b392963 100644
--- a/lib/tasks/roles.rake
+++ b/lib/tasks/roles.rake
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 namespace :roles do
   desc 'Adds back deleted roles to all conferences'
   task add: :environment do
diff --git a/lib/tasks/several_schedules.rake b/lib/tasks/several_schedules.rake
index f83b9664..5bca4e6a 100644
--- a/lib/tasks/several_schedules.rake
+++ b/lib/tasks/several_schedules.rake
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 namespace :data do
   desc 'Move the start_time and room attributes from Event to EventSchedule'
 
diff --git a/lib/tasks/user.rake b/lib/tasks/user.rake
index 97e56e40..fb4688ac 100644
--- a/lib/tasks/user.rake
+++ b/lib/tasks/user.rake
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 namespace :user do
   desc "Makes is_admin attribute true for user based on the supplied email address."
   task :admin, [:email] => :environment do |t, args|
diff --git a/lib/tasks/version.rake b/lib/tasks/version.rake
index a25653c6..08a0b2ec 100644
--- a/lib/tasks/version.rake
+++ b/lib/tasks/version.rake
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 namespace :data do
   desc 'Sets conference_id in all pre-existing PaperTrail::Version objects'
   task set_conference_in_versions: :environment do
diff --git a/spec/controllers/admin/booths_controller_spec.rb b/spec/controllers/admin/booths_controller_spec.rb
index 37004531..f9d5358e 100644
--- a/spec/controllers/admin/booths_controller_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/controllers/admin/booths_controller_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 describe Admin::BoothsController do
diff --git a/spec/controllers/admin/comments_controller_spec.rb b/spec/controllers/admin/comments_controller_spec.rb
index 23b6b88a..702b7396 100644
--- a/spec/controllers/admin/comments_controller_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/controllers/admin/comments_controller_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 describe Admin::CommentsController, type: :controller do
diff --git a/spec/controllers/admin/conferences_controller_spec.rb b/spec/controllers/admin/conferences_controller_spec.rb
index 23e6afd2..ebc2b768 100644
--- a/spec/controllers/admin/conferences_controller_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/controllers/admin/conferences_controller_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 describe Admin::ConferencesController do
diff --git a/spec/controllers/admin/event_schedules_controller_spec.rb b/spec/controllers/admin/event_schedules_controller_spec.rb
index 6c1cfedd..b9673062 100644
--- a/spec/controllers/admin/event_schedules_controller_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/controllers/admin/event_schedules_controller_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 describe Admin::EventSchedulesController do
diff --git a/spec/controllers/admin/events_controller_spec.rb b/spec/controllers/admin/events_controller_spec.rb
index 682defce..fb91af94 100644
--- a/spec/controllers/admin/events_controller_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/controllers/admin/events_controller_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 describe Admin::EventsController do
diff --git a/spec/controllers/admin/organizations_controller_spec.rb b/spec/controllers/admin/organizations_controller_spec.rb
index 801cce83..560e1006 100644
--- a/spec/controllers/admin/organizations_controller_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/controllers/admin/organizations_controller_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 describe Admin::OrganizationsController do
diff --git a/spec/controllers/admin/programs_controller_spec.rb b/spec/controllers/admin/programs_controller_spec.rb
index 3ad98071..ee9931c1 100644
--- a/spec/controllers/admin/programs_controller_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/controllers/admin/programs_controller_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 describe Admin::ProgramsController, type: :controller do
diff --git a/spec/controllers/admin/registration_periods_controller_spec.rb b/spec/controllers/admin/registration_periods_controller_spec.rb
index fd98ce77..70047ac8 100644
--- a/spec/controllers/admin/registration_periods_controller_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/controllers/admin/registration_periods_controller_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 describe Admin::RegistrationPeriodsController do
diff --git a/spec/controllers/admin/roles_controller_spec.rb b/spec/controllers/admin/roles_controller_spec.rb
index dcc81313..3c68af91 100644
--- a/spec/controllers/admin/roles_controller_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/controllers/admin/roles_controller_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 describe Admin::RolesController do
diff --git a/spec/controllers/admin/rooms_controller_spec.rb b/spec/controllers/admin/rooms_controller_spec.rb
index dc8c3d2e..ddc702fd 100644
--- a/spec/controllers/admin/rooms_controller_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/controllers/admin/rooms_controller_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 describe Admin::RoomsController do
diff --git a/spec/controllers/admin/schedules_controller_spec.rb b/spec/controllers/admin/schedules_controller_spec.rb
index 7ba5860e..38ba33e3 100644
--- a/spec/controllers/admin/schedules_controller_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/controllers/admin/schedules_controller_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 describe Admin::SchedulesController do
diff --git a/spec/controllers/admin/sponsorship_levels_controller_spec.rb b/spec/controllers/admin/sponsorship_levels_controller_spec.rb
index 058c703c..ec8ecded 100644
--- a/spec/controllers/admin/sponsorship_levels_controller_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/controllers/admin/sponsorship_levels_controller_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 describe Admin::SponsorshipLevelsController do
diff --git a/spec/controllers/admin/targets_controller_spec.rb b/spec/controllers/admin/targets_controller_spec.rb
index 2b8b5dd4..ad0f5a2c 100644
--- a/spec/controllers/admin/targets_controller_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/controllers/admin/targets_controller_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 describe Admin::TargetsController, type: :controller do
diff --git a/spec/controllers/admin/ticket_scannings_controller_spec.rb b/spec/controllers/admin/ticket_scannings_controller_spec.rb
index 2eb2e4ed..022800cf 100644
--- a/spec/controllers/admin/ticket_scannings_controller_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/controllers/admin/ticket_scannings_controller_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 describe Admin::TicketScanningsController do
diff --git a/spec/controllers/admin/tracks_controller_spec.rb b/spec/controllers/admin/tracks_controller_spec.rb
index 03511ce1..f3d211b2 100644
--- a/spec/controllers/admin/tracks_controller_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/controllers/admin/tracks_controller_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 describe Admin::TracksController do
diff --git a/spec/controllers/admin/users_controller_spec.rb b/spec/controllers/admin/users_controller_spec.rb
index c0ba43ba..97c829c8 100644
--- a/spec/controllers/admin/users_controller_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/controllers/admin/users_controller_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 describe Admin::UsersController do
   let(:admin) { create(:admin) }
diff --git a/spec/controllers/admin/versions_controller_spec.rb b/spec/controllers/admin/versions_controller_spec.rb
index f04bc33d..0dede517 100644
--- a/spec/controllers/admin/versions_controller_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/controllers/admin/versions_controller_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 describe Admin::VersionsController do
diff --git a/spec/controllers/api/v1/conferences_controller_spec.rb b/spec/controllers/api/v1/conferences_controller_spec.rb
index a64a1adc..330c86d8 100644
--- a/spec/controllers/api/v1/conferences_controller_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/controllers/api/v1/conferences_controller_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 describe Api::V1::ConferencesController do
diff --git a/spec/controllers/api/v1/events_controller_spec.rb b/spec/controllers/api/v1/events_controller_spec.rb
index daee0002..168d5d8c 100644
--- a/spec/controllers/api/v1/events_controller_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/controllers/api/v1/events_controller_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 describe Api::V1::EventsController do
diff --git a/spec/controllers/api/v1/rooms_controller_spec.rb b/spec/controllers/api/v1/rooms_controller_spec.rb
index 48a8db98..bb29c44c 100644
--- a/spec/controllers/api/v1/rooms_controller_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/controllers/api/v1/rooms_controller_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 describe Api::V1::RoomsController do
diff --git a/spec/controllers/api/v1/speakers_controller_spec.rb b/spec/controllers/api/v1/speakers_controller_spec.rb
index 539baeaf..f3f857f0 100644
--- a/spec/controllers/api/v1/speakers_controller_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/controllers/api/v1/speakers_controller_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 describe Api::V1::SpeakersController do
diff --git a/spec/controllers/api/v1/tracks_controller_spec.rb b/spec/controllers/api/v1/tracks_controller_spec.rb
index a1424ce3..74379414 100644
--- a/spec/controllers/api/v1/tracks_controller_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/controllers/api/v1/tracks_controller_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 describe Api::V1::TracksController do
diff --git a/spec/controllers/application_controller_spec.rb b/spec/controllers/application_controller_spec.rb
index 4d1c2eab..8ebf4a40 100644
--- a/spec/controllers/application_controller_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/controllers/application_controller_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 describe ApplicationController, type: :controller do
diff --git a/spec/controllers/booths_controller_spec.rb b/spec/controllers/booths_controller_spec.rb
index 56f3b9d9..be1c4e41 100644
--- a/spec/controllers/booths_controller_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/controllers/booths_controller_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 describe BoothsController do
diff --git a/spec/controllers/conference_registration_controller_spec.rb b/spec/controllers/conference_registration_controller_spec.rb
index a6f1503c..8609d30c 100644
--- a/spec/controllers/conference_registration_controller_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/controllers/conference_registration_controller_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 describe ConferenceRegistrationsController, type: :controller do
diff --git a/spec/controllers/conferences_controller_spec.rb b/spec/controllers/conferences_controller_spec.rb
index cdbebf9f..91585d79 100644
--- a/spec/controllers/conferences_controller_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/controllers/conferences_controller_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 describe ConferencesController do
diff --git a/spec/controllers/confirmations_controller_spec.rb b/spec/controllers/confirmations_controller_spec.rb
index 1db675b3..68e1837a 100644
--- a/spec/controllers/confirmations_controller_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/controllers/confirmations_controller_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 describe ConfirmationsController do
diff --git a/spec/controllers/organizations_controller_spec.rb b/spec/controllers/organizations_controller_spec.rb
index eb0109a1..e14e22fb 100644
--- a/spec/controllers/organizations_controller_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/controllers/organizations_controller_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 describe OrganizationsController do
diff --git a/spec/controllers/physical_ticket_controller_spec.rb b/spec/controllers/physical_ticket_controller_spec.rb
index 476a1717..5367fb96 100644
--- a/spec/controllers/physical_ticket_controller_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/controllers/physical_ticket_controller_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 describe PhysicalTicketsController do
diff --git a/spec/controllers/proposals_controller_spec.rb b/spec/controllers/proposals_controller_spec.rb
index 9b01e55f..69ce2ec9 100644
--- a/spec/controllers/proposals_controller_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/controllers/proposals_controller_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 describe ProposalsController do
diff --git a/spec/controllers/schedules_controller_spec.rb b/spec/controllers/schedules_controller_spec.rb
index 6ff4875c..a448627a 100644
--- a/spec/controllers/schedules_controller_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/controllers/schedules_controller_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 describe SchedulesController do
diff --git a/spec/controllers/subscriptions_controller_spec.rb b/spec/controllers/subscriptions_controller_spec.rb
index ac20a34b..c47d7ca5 100644
--- a/spec/controllers/subscriptions_controller_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/controllers/subscriptions_controller_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 describe SubscriptionsController do
diff --git a/spec/controllers/tracks_controller_spec.rb b/spec/controllers/tracks_controller_spec.rb
index a555dba8..65ebcb14 100644
--- a/spec/controllers/tracks_controller_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/controllers/tracks_controller_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 describe TracksController do
diff --git a/spec/controllers/users/omniauth_callbacks_controller_spec.rb b/spec/controllers/users/omniauth_callbacks_controller_spec.rb
index 7204fe33..4f8d37e5 100644
--- a/spec/controllers/users/omniauth_callbacks_controller_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/controllers/users/omniauth_callbacks_controller_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 describe Users::OmniauthCallbacksController do
diff --git a/spec/controllers/users_controller_spec.rb b/spec/controllers/users_controller_spec.rb
index e46e134c..eb325f88 100644
--- a/spec/controllers/users_controller_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/controllers/users_controller_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 describe UsersController do
diff --git a/spec/factories/answer.rb b/spec/factories/answer.rb
index 367ba3a9..f2c69c32 100644
--- a/spec/factories/answer.rb
+++ b/spec/factories/answer.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 # Read about factories at https://github.com/thoughtbot/factory_girl
 
 FactoryGirl.define do
diff --git a/spec/factories/booth_request.rb b/spec/factories/booth_request.rb
index fba0cace..1b7a37e8 100644
--- a/spec/factories/booth_request.rb
+++ b/spec/factories/booth_request.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 FactoryGirl.define do
   factory :booth_request do
     booth
diff --git a/spec/factories/booths.rb b/spec/factories/booths.rb
index 1ac3ff87..eff90c44 100644
--- a/spec/factories/booths.rb
+++ b/spec/factories/booths.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 FactoryGirl.define do
   factory :booth do
     title { Faker::Hipster.sentence }
diff --git a/spec/factories/campaigns.rb b/spec/factories/campaigns.rb
index 5c04a6d4..dc745487 100644
--- a/spec/factories/campaigns.rb
+++ b/spec/factories/campaigns.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 # Read about factories at https://github.com/thoughtbot/factory_girl
 
 FactoryGirl.define do
diff --git a/spec/factories/cfps.rb b/spec/factories/cfps.rb
index ea59a8c1..d7932e2d 100644
--- a/spec/factories/cfps.rb
+++ b/spec/factories/cfps.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 # Read about factories at https://github.com/thoughtbot/factory_girl
 
 FactoryGirl.define do
diff --git a/spec/factories/comments.rb b/spec/factories/comments.rb
index a424e23b..736ba0ba 100644
--- a/spec/factories/comments.rb
+++ b/spec/factories/comments.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 # Read about factories at https://github.com/thoughtbot/factory_girl
 
 FactoryGirl.define do
diff --git a/spec/factories/commercials.rb b/spec/factories/commercials.rb
index 7fa052a7..00404b36 100644
--- a/spec/factories/commercials.rb
+++ b/spec/factories/commercials.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 # Read about factories at https://github.com/thoughtbot/factory_girl
 
 FactoryGirl.define do
diff --git a/spec/factories/conferences.rb b/spec/factories/conferences.rb
index d0f11d19..dad360c5 100644
--- a/spec/factories/conferences.rb
+++ b/spec/factories/conferences.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 # Read about factories at https://github.com/thoughtbot/factory_girl
 
 FactoryGirl.define do
diff --git a/spec/factories/contacts.rb b/spec/factories/contacts.rb
index 9168f22b..ac3bccc1 100644
--- a/spec/factories/contacts.rb
+++ b/spec/factories/contacts.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 FactoryGirl.define do
   factory :contact do
     social_tag { SecureRandom.urlsafe_base64(4) }
diff --git a/spec/factories/difficulty_levels.rb b/spec/factories/difficulty_levels.rb
index 7a1e8da5..9c147830 100644
--- a/spec/factories/difficulty_levels.rb
+++ b/spec/factories/difficulty_levels.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 FactoryGirl.define do
   factory :difficulty_level do
     title 'Example Difficulty Level'
diff --git a/spec/factories/email_settings.rb b/spec/factories/email_settings.rb
index d10a6b51..db8a1480 100644
--- a/spec/factories/email_settings.rb
+++ b/spec/factories/email_settings.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 # Read about factories at https://github.com/thoughtbot/factory_girl
 
 FactoryGirl.define do
diff --git a/spec/factories/event_schedule.rb b/spec/factories/event_schedule.rb
index a72e3745..bb76f6f3 100644
--- a/spec/factories/event_schedule.rb
+++ b/spec/factories/event_schedule.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 # Read about factories at https://github.com/thoughtbot/factory_girl
 
 FactoryGirl.define do
diff --git a/spec/factories/event_types.rb b/spec/factories/event_types.rb
index 5686254d..7dc96497 100644
--- a/spec/factories/event_types.rb
+++ b/spec/factories/event_types.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 # Read about factories at https://github.com/thoughtbot/factory_girl
 
 FactoryGirl.define do
diff --git a/spec/factories/event_users.rb b/spec/factories/event_users.rb
index 5d1574a9..f0830243 100644
--- a/spec/factories/event_users.rb
+++ b/spec/factories/event_users.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 # Read about factories at https://github.com/thoughtbot/factory_girl
 
 FactoryGirl.define do
diff --git a/spec/factories/events.rb b/spec/factories/events.rb
index 731c774e..c2f34988 100644
--- a/spec/factories/events.rb
+++ b/spec/factories/events.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 # Read about factories at https://github.com/thoughtbot/factory_girl
 
 FactoryGirl.define do
diff --git a/spec/factories/events_registrations.rb b/spec/factories/events_registrations.rb
index 8fd7286c..84012f57 100644
--- a/spec/factories/events_registrations.rb
+++ b/spec/factories/events_registrations.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 # Read about factories at https://github.com/thoughtbot/factory_girl
 
 FactoryGirl.define do
diff --git a/spec/factories/lodgings.rb b/spec/factories/lodgings.rb
index a4bbf73c..42d02c0b 100644
--- a/spec/factories/lodgings.rb
+++ b/spec/factories/lodgings.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 # Read about factories at https://github.com/thoughtbot/factory_girl
 
 FactoryGirl.define do
diff --git a/spec/factories/openid.rb b/spec/factories/openid.rb
index 6950c718..60dcf29f 100644
--- a/spec/factories/openid.rb
+++ b/spec/factories/openid.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 # Read about factories at https://github.com/thoughtbot/factory_girl
 
 FactoryGirl.define do
diff --git a/spec/factories/organizations.rb b/spec/factories/organizations.rb
index f6331873..8b10893b 100644
--- a/spec/factories/organizations.rb
+++ b/spec/factories/organizations.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 FactoryGirl.define do
   factory :organization do
     sequence(:name) { |n| "#{Faker::Company.name} #{n}" }
diff --git a/spec/factories/payments.rb b/spec/factories/payments.rb
index 4d4d3c39..71a7adff 100644
--- a/spec/factories/payments.rb
+++ b/spec/factories/payments.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 FactoryGirl.define do
   factory :payment do
     user
diff --git a/spec/factories/physical_ticket.rb b/spec/factories/physical_ticket.rb
index 8b4f2a0e..0356657f 100644
--- a/spec/factories/physical_ticket.rb
+++ b/spec/factories/physical_ticket.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 FactoryGirl.define do
   factory :physical_ticket do
     ticket_purchase
diff --git a/spec/factories/programs.rb b/spec/factories/programs.rb
index e3c20153..c6345088 100644
--- a/spec/factories/programs.rb
+++ b/spec/factories/programs.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 # Read about factories at https://github.com/thoughtbot/factory_girl
 
 FactoryGirl.define do
diff --git a/spec/factories/qanswer.rb b/spec/factories/qanswer.rb
index 136b5655..962392a1 100644
--- a/spec/factories/qanswer.rb
+++ b/spec/factories/qanswer.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 # Read about factories at https://github.com/thoughtbot/factory_girl
 
 FactoryGirl.define do
diff --git a/spec/factories/question.rb b/spec/factories/question.rb
index 5a2a58e5..310e61b9 100644
--- a/spec/factories/question.rb
+++ b/spec/factories/question.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 # Read about factories at https://github.com/thoughtbot/factory_girl
 
 FactoryGirl.define do
diff --git a/spec/factories/question_type.rb b/spec/factories/question_type.rb
index aeb77096..15a942b9 100644
--- a/spec/factories/question_type.rb
+++ b/spec/factories/question_type.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 # Read about factories at https://github.com/thoughtbot/factory_girl
 
 FactoryGirl.define do
diff --git a/spec/factories/registration.rb b/spec/factories/registration.rb
index fb79cb4d..1cdb297d 100644
--- a/spec/factories/registration.rb
+++ b/spec/factories/registration.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 # Read about factories at https://github.com/thoughtbot/factory_girl
 
 FactoryGirl.define do
diff --git a/spec/factories/registration_periods.rb b/spec/factories/registration_periods.rb
index bb775aa9..333c29d0 100644
--- a/spec/factories/registration_periods.rb
+++ b/spec/factories/registration_periods.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 # Read about factories at https://github.com/thoughtbot/factory_girl
 
 FactoryGirl.define do
diff --git a/spec/factories/resource.rb b/spec/factories/resource.rb
index 83045e9e..4848f09d 100644
--- a/spec/factories/resource.rb
+++ b/spec/factories/resource.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 FactoryGirl.define do
   factory :resource do
     name { 'Resource' }
diff --git a/spec/factories/roles.rb b/spec/factories/roles.rb
index 67d85233..a2997a91 100644
--- a/spec/factories/roles.rb
+++ b/spec/factories/roles.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 FactoryGirl.define do
   factory :role do
     name 'my role'
diff --git a/spec/factories/rooms.rb b/spec/factories/rooms.rb
index 7347b95d..7e3ebe65 100644
--- a/spec/factories/rooms.rb
+++ b/spec/factories/rooms.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 # Read about factories at https://github.com/thoughtbot/factory_girl
 FactoryGirl.define do
   factory :room do
diff --git a/spec/factories/schedule.rb b/spec/factories/schedule.rb
index e1c9dc2f..8a5635d9 100644
--- a/spec/factories/schedule.rb
+++ b/spec/factories/schedule.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 # Read about factories at https://github.com/thoughtbot/factory_girl
 
 FactoryGirl.define do
diff --git a/spec/factories/splashpages.rb b/spec/factories/splashpages.rb
index 752a36f3..80c9f0f6 100644
--- a/spec/factories/splashpages.rb
+++ b/spec/factories/splashpages.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 # Read about factories at https://github.com/thoughtbot/factory_girl
 
 FactoryGirl.define do
diff --git a/spec/factories/sponsors.rb b/spec/factories/sponsors.rb
index 5d531991..26958a6b 100644
--- a/spec/factories/sponsors.rb
+++ b/spec/factories/sponsors.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 # Read about factories at https://github.com/thoughtbot/factory_girl
 
 FactoryGirl.define do
diff --git a/spec/factories/sponsorship_levels.rb b/spec/factories/sponsorship_levels.rb
index 72db7493..6b8a4da9 100644
--- a/spec/factories/sponsorship_levels.rb
+++ b/spec/factories/sponsorship_levels.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 # Read about factories at https://github.com/thoughtbot/factory_girl
 
 FactoryGirl.define do
diff --git a/spec/factories/subscriptions.rb b/spec/factories/subscriptions.rb
index 0816b70f..6141331c 100644
--- a/spec/factories/subscriptions.rb
+++ b/spec/factories/subscriptions.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 FactoryGirl.define do
   factory :subscription do
     user
diff --git a/spec/factories/targets.rb b/spec/factories/targets.rb
index 9d65f2ba..8318b081 100644
--- a/spec/factories/targets.rb
+++ b/spec/factories/targets.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 # Read about factories at https://github.com/thoughtbot/factory_girl
 
 FactoryGirl.define do
diff --git a/spec/factories/ticket_purchases.rb b/spec/factories/ticket_purchases.rb
index bee365cf..9b339ed9 100644
--- a/spec/factories/ticket_purchases.rb
+++ b/spec/factories/ticket_purchases.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 FactoryGirl.define do
   factory :ticket_purchase do
     user
diff --git a/spec/factories/ticket_scanning.rb b/spec/factories/ticket_scanning.rb
index 540d1fd0..df18fc80 100644
--- a/spec/factories/ticket_scanning.rb
+++ b/spec/factories/ticket_scanning.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 FactoryGirl.define do
   factory :ticket_scanning do
     physical_ticket
diff --git a/spec/factories/tickets.rb b/spec/factories/tickets.rb
index c4bb1539..ba623044 100644
--- a/spec/factories/tickets.rb
+++ b/spec/factories/tickets.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 FactoryGirl.define do
   factory :ticket do
     title { "#{Faker::Hipster.word} Ticket" }
diff --git a/spec/factories/tracks.rb b/spec/factories/tracks.rb
index 097a5452..eda41a11 100644
--- a/spec/factories/tracks.rb
+++ b/spec/factories/tracks.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 FactoryGirl.define do
   factory :track do
     name { Faker::Commerce.department(2, true) }
diff --git a/spec/factories/users.rb b/spec/factories/users.rb
index e2e78c16..d253af3c 100644
--- a/spec/factories/users.rb
+++ b/spec/factories/users.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 # Read about factories at https://github.com/thoughtbot/factory_girl
 
 # It is a feature of our app that first signed up user is admin. This property
diff --git a/spec/factories/vdays.rb b/spec/factories/vdays.rb
index 7d7c2976..17edb081 100644
--- a/spec/factories/vdays.rb
+++ b/spec/factories/vdays.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 FactoryGirl.define do
   factory :vday do
     day { Time.zone.today }
diff --git a/spec/factories/venues.rb b/spec/factories/venues.rb
index 92c149cc..a240f951 100644
--- a/spec/factories/venues.rb
+++ b/spec/factories/venues.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 # Read about factories at https://github.com/thoughtbot/factory_girl
 FactoryGirl.define do
   factory :venue do
diff --git a/spec/factories/visits.rb b/spec/factories/visits.rb
index 3a03b203..145e919d 100644
--- a/spec/factories/visits.rb
+++ b/spec/factories/visits.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 # Read about factories at https://github.com/thoughtbot/factory_girl
 
 FactoryGirl.define do
diff --git a/spec/factories/votes.rb b/spec/factories/votes.rb
index 12ede741..6fe973d9 100644
--- a/spec/factories/votes.rb
+++ b/spec/factories/votes.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 FactoryGirl.define do
   factory :vote do
     event
diff --git a/spec/factories/vpositions.rb b/spec/factories/vpositions.rb
index 6bfcc769..ee016776 100644
--- a/spec/factories/vpositions.rb
+++ b/spec/factories/vpositions.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 FactoryGirl.define do
   factory :vposition do
     title 'Example Volunteer Position'
diff --git a/spec/features/base_controller_spec.rb b/spec/features/base_controller_spec.rb
index 1f75f81b..57d5be94 100644
--- a/spec/features/base_controller_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/features/base_controller_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 feature 'BaseController' do
diff --git a/spec/features/campaign_spec.rb b/spec/features/campaign_spec.rb
index c2fa8de6..38e9e9cb 100644
--- a/spec/features/campaign_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/features/campaign_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 feature Campaign do
diff --git a/spec/features/cfp_ability_spec.rb b/spec/features/cfp_ability_spec.rb
index 7229ab8d..d5119bd3 100644
--- a/spec/features/cfp_ability_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/features/cfp_ability_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 feature 'Has correct abilities' do
diff --git a/spec/features/cfp_spec.rb b/spec/features/cfp_spec.rb
index 7ecfb1e6..0e234921 100644
--- a/spec/features/cfp_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/features/cfp_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 feature Conference do
diff --git a/spec/features/commercials_spec.rb b/spec/features/commercials_spec.rb
index d460a725..84bca335 100644
--- a/spec/features/commercials_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/features/commercials_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 feature Commercial do
diff --git a/spec/features/conference_registration_spec.rb b/spec/features/conference_registration_spec.rb
index 32ea2320..82f4a111 100644
--- a/spec/features/conference_registration_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/features/conference_registration_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 feature Registration do
diff --git a/spec/features/conference_spec.rb b/spec/features/conference_spec.rb
index bfd0be39..fe80db5c 100644
--- a/spec/features/conference_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/features/conference_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 feature Conference do
diff --git a/spec/features/contact_spec.rb b/spec/features/contact_spec.rb
index 513f3cab..31ecf51f 100644
--- a/spec/features/contact_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/features/contact_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 feature Contact do
diff --git a/spec/features/difficulty_levels_spec.rb b/spec/features/difficulty_levels_spec.rb
index 64427547..467f0fe6 100644
--- a/spec/features/difficulty_levels_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/features/difficulty_levels_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 feature DifficultyLevel do
diff --git a/spec/features/email_spec.rb b/spec/features/email_spec.rb
index c1bfef5d..628d32b8 100644
--- a/spec/features/email_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/features/email_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 feature EmailSettings do
diff --git a/spec/features/event_types_spec.rb b/spec/features/event_types_spec.rb
index 6b3c9f0c..7a7121c3 100644
--- a/spec/features/event_types_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/features/event_types_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 feature EventType do
diff --git a/spec/features/info_desk_ability_spec.rb b/spec/features/info_desk_ability_spec.rb
index f4ef4fce..bb485e51 100644
--- a/spec/features/info_desk_ability_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/features/info_desk_ability_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 feature 'Has correct abilities' do
diff --git a/spec/features/lodgings_spec.rb b/spec/features/lodgings_spec.rb
index 1e6b491d..9092096b 100644
--- a/spec/features/lodgings_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/features/lodgings_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 feature Lodging do
diff --git a/spec/features/omniauth_spec.rb b/spec/features/omniauth_spec.rb
index 419d1f03..8c17a908 100644
--- a/spec/features/omniauth_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/features/omniauth_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 feature Openid do
diff --git a/spec/features/organization_admin_ability_spec.rb b/spec/features/organization_admin_ability_spec.rb
index d84a7c01..6fa6b090 100644
--- a/spec/features/organization_admin_ability_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/features/organization_admin_ability_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 feature 'Has correct abilities' do
diff --git a/spec/features/organization_spec.rb b/spec/features/organization_spec.rb
index 72948c2d..e2cf2fb0 100644
--- a/spec/features/organization_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/features/organization_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 feature Organization do
diff --git a/spec/features/organizer_ability_spec.rb b/spec/features/organizer_ability_spec.rb
index 0127ea2f..b9c8cb5d 100644
--- a/spec/features/organizer_ability_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/features/organizer_ability_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 feature 'Has correct abilities' do
diff --git a/spec/features/program_spec.rb b/spec/features/program_spec.rb
index 369a0525..31d141aa 100644
--- a/spec/features/program_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/features/program_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 feature Program do
diff --git a/spec/features/proposals_spec.rb b/spec/features/proposals_spec.rb
index bef01e43..a5ad2430 100644
--- a/spec/features/proposals_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/features/proposals_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 feature Event do
diff --git a/spec/features/registration_periods_spec.rb b/spec/features/registration_periods_spec.rb
index 5c1c90b5..e691caa6 100644
--- a/spec/features/registration_periods_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/features/registration_periods_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 feature RegistrationPeriod do
diff --git a/spec/features/resource_spec.rb b/spec/features/resource_spec.rb
index 1d5c0437..895588aa 100644
--- a/spec/features/resource_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/features/resource_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 feature Resource do
diff --git a/spec/features/roles_spec.rb b/spec/features/roles_spec.rb
index 00d15006..9b01d493 100644
--- a/spec/features/roles_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/features/roles_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 feature Role do
diff --git a/spec/features/rooms_spec.rb b/spec/features/rooms_spec.rb
index d4ff4e0a..d5c5ae7c 100644
--- a/spec/features/rooms_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/features/rooms_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 feature Room do
diff --git a/spec/features/splashpage_spec.rb b/spec/features/splashpage_spec.rb
index 006df419..02b12f73 100644
--- a/spec/features/splashpage_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/features/splashpage_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 feature Splashpage do
diff --git a/spec/features/sponsor_spec.rb b/spec/features/sponsor_spec.rb
index b12ee90d..62407ca0 100644
--- a/spec/features/sponsor_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/features/sponsor_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 feature Sponsor do
diff --git a/spec/features/sponsorship_level_spec.rb b/spec/features/sponsorship_level_spec.rb
index 3140a16b..073f4904 100644
--- a/spec/features/sponsorship_level_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/features/sponsorship_level_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 feature SponsorshipLevel do
diff --git a/spec/features/ticket_purchases_spec.rb b/spec/features/ticket_purchases_spec.rb
index 9cace981..10ad7e78 100644
--- a/spec/features/ticket_purchases_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/features/ticket_purchases_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 feature Registration do
diff --git a/spec/features/tickets_spec.rb b/spec/features/tickets_spec.rb
index ab513cd1..3aae729f 100644
--- a/spec/features/tickets_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/features/tickets_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 feature Ticket do
diff --git a/spec/features/track_organizer_ability_spec.rb b/spec/features/track_organizer_ability_spec.rb
index 67e0c8de..073c3700 100644
--- a/spec/features/track_organizer_ability_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/features/track_organizer_ability_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 feature 'Has correct abilities' do
diff --git a/spec/features/tracks_spec.rb b/spec/features/tracks_spec.rb
index f753abc2..3d6d497a 100644
--- a/spec/features/tracks_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/features/tracks_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 feature Track do
diff --git a/spec/features/user_ability_spec.rb b/spec/features/user_ability_spec.rb
index d56e7441..93f49034 100644
--- a/spec/features/user_ability_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/features/user_ability_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 feature 'Has correct abilities' do
diff --git a/spec/features/user_spec.rb b/spec/features/user_spec.rb
index 7294ec5c..5644010f 100644
--- a/spec/features/user_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/features/user_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 feature User do
diff --git a/spec/features/venues_spec.rb b/spec/features/venues_spec.rb
index 2931b6e8..fe5d7dd0 100644
--- a/spec/features/venues_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/features/venues_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 feature Conference do
diff --git a/spec/features/versions_spec.rb b/spec/features/versions_spec.rb
index 3030d2b1..601f4ff9 100644
--- a/spec/features/versions_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/features/versions_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 feature 'Version' do
diff --git a/spec/features/volunteers_spec.rb b/spec/features/volunteers_spec.rb
index a27ba0b1..f2a14ea2 100644
--- a/spec/features/volunteers_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/features/volunteers_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 feature Conference do
diff --git a/spec/helpers/application_helper_spec.rb b/spec/helpers/application_helper_spec.rb
index ff0fbfa2..cc0caeb9 100644
--- a/spec/helpers/application_helper_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/helpers/application_helper_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 describe ApplicationHelper, type: :helper do
diff --git a/spec/helpers/conference_helper_spec.rb b/spec/helpers/conference_helper_spec.rb
index 09e38e69..101d083a 100644
--- a/spec/helpers/conference_helper_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/helpers/conference_helper_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 describe ConferenceHelper, type: :helper do
diff --git a/spec/helpers/date_time_helper_spec.rb b/spec/helpers/date_time_helper_spec.rb
index 09c7e4a4..6cbd34de 100644
--- a/spec/helpers/date_time_helper_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/helpers/date_time_helper_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 describe DateTimeHelper, type: :helper do
diff --git a/spec/helpers/events_helper_spec.rb b/spec/helpers/events_helper_spec.rb
index baefebbc..a77c336b 100644
--- a/spec/helpers/events_helper_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/helpers/events_helper_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 describe EventsHelper, type: :helper do
diff --git a/spec/helpers/format_helper_spec.rb b/spec/helpers/format_helper_spec.rb
index f14de8b3..0eb4d055 100644
--- a/spec/helpers/format_helper_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/helpers/format_helper_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 describe FormatHelper, type: :helper do
diff --git a/spec/helpers/users_helper_spec.rb b/spec/helpers/users_helper_spec.rb
index e0c2d3fd..493df86c 100644
--- a/spec/helpers/users_helper_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/helpers/users_helper_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 describe UsersHelper, type: :helper do
diff --git a/spec/mailers/mailbot_spec.rb b/spec/mailers/mailbot_spec.rb
index 76c6ef00..12749460 100644
--- a/spec/mailers/mailbot_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/mailers/mailbot_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 describe Mailbot do
diff --git a/spec/models/ability_spec.rb b/spec/models/ability_spec.rb
index 26522913..d119f9c5 100644
--- a/spec/models/ability_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/ability_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 require 'cancan/matchers'
 
diff --git a/spec/models/admin_ability_spec.rb b/spec/models/admin_ability_spec.rb
index 344f63ba..b37e2cd6 100644
--- a/spec/models/admin_ability_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/admin_ability_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 require 'cancan/matchers'
 
diff --git a/spec/models/booth_spec.rb b/spec/models/booth_spec.rb
index 287653ac..d70159d6 100644
--- a/spec/models/booth_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/booth_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 describe 'Booth' do
diff --git a/spec/models/campaign_spec.rb b/spec/models/campaign_spec.rb
index 4127371a..178717ae 100644
--- a/spec/models/campaign_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/campaign_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 require 'ahoy'
 
diff --git a/spec/models/cfp_spec.rb b/spec/models/cfp_spec.rb
index 6c437d35..f836c560 100644
--- a/spec/models/cfp_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/cfp_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 describe Cfp do
diff --git a/spec/models/comment_spec.rb b/spec/models/comment_spec.rb
index 94cb6372..bb294079 100644
--- a/spec/models/comment_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/comment_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 describe Commercial do
diff --git a/spec/models/commercial_spec.rb b/spec/models/commercial_spec.rb
index fbfac855..80c43c7c 100644
--- a/spec/models/commercial_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/commercial_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 describe Commercial do
diff --git a/spec/models/conference_spec.rb b/spec/models/conference_spec.rb
index 0af13eed..2720f5de 100755
--- a/spec/models/conference_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/conference_spec.rb
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #!/bin/env ruby
 # encoding: utf-8
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 describe Conference do
diff --git a/spec/models/email_settings_spec.rb b/spec/models/email_settings_spec.rb
index c4ab7830..7a27a67d 100644
--- a/spec/models/email_settings_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/email_settings_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 describe EmailSettings do
diff --git a/spec/models/event_schedule_spec.rb b/spec/models/event_schedule_spec.rb
index 91db4b64..56cedcd4 100644
--- a/spec/models/event_schedule_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/event_schedule_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 describe EventSchedule do
diff --git a/spec/models/event_spec.rb b/spec/models/event_spec.rb
index 158e1db3..bd887d51 100644
--- a/spec/models/event_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/event_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 describe Event do
diff --git a/spec/models/event_type_spec.rb b/spec/models/event_type_spec.rb
index 6863ed8e..9fb65950 100644
--- a/spec/models/event_type_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/event_type_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 describe EventType do
diff --git a/spec/models/openid.rb b/spec/models/openid.rb
index 42b6a74f..ce029b82 100644
--- a/spec/models/openid.rb
+++ b/spec/models/openid.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 describe Openid do
diff --git a/spec/models/organization_spec.rb b/spec/models/organization_spec.rb
index ca84f532..b9d78b7d 100644
--- a/spec/models/organization_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/organization_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 describe Organization do
diff --git a/spec/models/payment_spec.rb b/spec/models/payment_spec.rb
index 6af28679..f011a749 100644
--- a/spec/models/payment_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/payment_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 require 'stripe_mock'
 
diff --git a/spec/models/physical_ticket_spec.rb b/spec/models/physical_ticket_spec.rb
index 9910a4a3..31afd621 100644
--- a/spec/models/physical_ticket_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/physical_ticket_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 describe PhysicalTicket do
diff --git a/spec/models/program_spec.rb b/spec/models/program_spec.rb
index a4b7e44f..e8db5880 100644
--- a/spec/models/program_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/program_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 describe Program do
diff --git a/spec/models/registration_period_spec.rb b/spec/models/registration_period_spec.rb
index 52fb3755..10da0684 100644
--- a/spec/models/registration_period_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/registration_period_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 describe RegistrationPeriod do
diff --git a/spec/models/registration_spec.rb b/spec/models/registration_spec.rb
index e7824c08..417d90ff 100644
--- a/spec/models/registration_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/registration_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 describe 'Registration' do
diff --git a/spec/models/resource_spec.rb b/spec/models/resource_spec.rb
index 03a6a502..d70e3144 100644
--- a/spec/models/resource_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/resource_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 describe Resource do
diff --git a/spec/models/role_spec.rb b/spec/models/role_spec.rb
index db2b04f9..5edeb8e8 100644
--- a/spec/models/role_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/role_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 describe Role do
diff --git a/spec/models/room_spec.rb b/spec/models/room_spec.rb
index f135f91d..5aa79643 100644
--- a/spec/models/room_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/room_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 describe Room do
diff --git a/spec/models/schedule_spec.rb b/spec/models/schedule_spec.rb
index 2dc1b826..d9e2f3f2 100644
--- a/spec/models/schedule_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/schedule_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 describe Schedule do
diff --git a/spec/models/sponsor_spec.rb b/spec/models/sponsor_spec.rb
index 1cd36cff..7f6e3e50 100644
--- a/spec/models/sponsor_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/sponsor_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 describe Sponsor do
diff --git a/spec/models/sponsorship_level_spec.rb b/spec/models/sponsorship_level_spec.rb
index 2284d4ba..c6b71a88 100644
--- a/spec/models/sponsorship_level_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/sponsorship_level_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 describe SponsorshipLevel do
diff --git a/spec/models/target_spec.rb b/spec/models/target_spec.rb
index 5297cabc..501c1c4c 100644
--- a/spec/models/target_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/target_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 describe Target do
diff --git a/spec/models/ticket_purchase_spec.rb b/spec/models/ticket_purchase_spec.rb
index bfca5efc..16b0ccbe 100644
--- a/spec/models/ticket_purchase_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/ticket_purchase_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 describe TicketPurchase do
diff --git a/spec/models/ticket_scanning_spec.rb b/spec/models/ticket_scanning_spec.rb
index 3d978f4f..ce18e63e 100644
--- a/spec/models/ticket_scanning_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/ticket_scanning_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 describe TicketScanning do
diff --git a/spec/models/ticket_spec.rb b/spec/models/ticket_spec.rb
index cf6f4ae4..543e9aaf 100644
--- a/spec/models/ticket_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/ticket_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 describe Ticket do
diff --git a/spec/models/track_spec.rb b/spec/models/track_spec.rb
index 10b92462..24cbafd3 100644
--- a/spec/models/track_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/track_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 describe Track do
diff --git a/spec/models/user_spec.rb b/spec/models/user_spec.rb
index 019263ac..b82be31f 100644
--- a/spec/models/user_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/user_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 describe User do
diff --git a/spec/routing/routing_spec.rb b/spec/routing/routing_spec.rb
index 1875150f..8f1d5dff 100644
--- a/spec/routing/routing_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/routing/routing_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 feature 'Routing', type: :routing do
diff --git a/spec/serializers/conference_serializer_spec.rb b/spec/serializers/conference_serializer_spec.rb
index 851c6518..680851cf 100644
--- a/spec/serializers/conference_serializer_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/serializers/conference_serializer_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 describe ConferenceSerializer, type: :serializer do
diff --git a/spec/serializers/event_serializer_spec.rb b/spec/serializers/event_serializer_spec.rb
index 8bb29fa2..765b4947 100644
--- a/spec/serializers/event_serializer_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/serializers/event_serializer_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 describe EventSerializer, type: :serializer do
   let(:event) { create(:event, title: 'Some Talk', abstract: 'Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet') }
diff --git a/spec/serializers/room_serializer_spec.rb b/spec/serializers/room_serializer_spec.rb
index 5b7467cc..28da2594 100644
--- a/spec/serializers/room_serializer_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/serializers/room_serializer_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 describe RoomSerializer, type: :serializer do
   let(:room) { create(:room) }
diff --git a/spec/serializers/speaker_serializer_spec.rb b/spec/serializers/speaker_serializer_spec.rb
index 74545709..85eb5825 100644
--- a/spec/serializers/speaker_serializer_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/serializers/speaker_serializer_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 describe SpeakerSerializer, type: :serializer do
   let(:speaker) { create(:user, name: 'John Doe', affiliation: 'JohnDoesInc', biography: nil) }
diff --git a/spec/serializers/track_serializer_spec.rb b/spec/serializers/track_serializer_spec.rb
index 00522eae..d29cf43f 100644
--- a/spec/serializers/track_serializer_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/serializers/track_serializer_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 describe TrackSerializer, type: :serializer do
diff --git a/spec/spec_helper.rb b/spec/spec_helper.rb
index b63e1f87..9c51e075 100644
--- a/spec/spec_helper.rb
+++ b/spec/spec_helper.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 # This file is copied to spec/ when you run 'rails generate rspec:install'
 require 'knapsack'
 require 'simplecov'
diff --git a/spec/support/api_schema_matcher.rb b/spec/support/api_schema_matcher.rb
index 4da6bfe6..8027a46d 100644
--- a/spec/support/api_schema_matcher.rb
+++ b/spec/support/api_schema_matcher.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 # Source: https://robots.thoughtbot.com/validating-json-schemas-with-an-rspec-matcher
 
 RSpec::Matchers.define :match_response_schema do |schema|
diff --git a/spec/support/database_cleaner.rb b/spec/support/database_cleaner.rb
index 25bf528a..4162529c 100644
--- a/spec/support/database_cleaner.rb
+++ b/spec/support/database_cleaner.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 RSpec.configure do |config|
   config.before(:suite) do
     DatabaseCleaner.clean_with(:truncation)
diff --git a/spec/support/external_request.rb b/spec/support/external_request.rb
index ed7da3d3..60386afd 100644
--- a/spec/support/external_request.rb
+++ b/spec/support/external_request.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 # Mock external requests to youtube
 require 'webmock/rspec'
 WebMock.disable_net_connect!(allow_localhost: true, allow: /stripe.com/)
diff --git a/spec/support/factory_girl.rb b/spec/support/factory_girl.rb
index d745aece..ab8b14a9 100644
--- a/spec/support/factory_girl.rb
+++ b/spec/support/factory_girl.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require_relative 'external_request'
 
 RSpec.configure do |config|
diff --git a/spec/support/flash.rb b/spec/support/flash.rb
index e999decc..3718923e 100644
--- a/spec/support/flash.rb
+++ b/spec/support/flash.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Flash
   def flash
     results = all(:css, 'div#flash p')
diff --git a/spec/support/kneet_connections.rb b/spec/support/kneet_connections.rb
index 99c91fd3..87f0bcd5 100644
--- a/spec/support/kneet_connections.rb
+++ b/spec/support/kneet_connections.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module ActiveRecord
   class Base
     mattr_accessor :shared_connection
diff --git a/spec/support/login_macros.rb b/spec/support/login_macros.rb
index 67b9743c..7557c14d 100644
--- a/spec/support/login_macros.rb
+++ b/spec/support/login_macros.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module LoginMacros
   include Warden::Test::Helpers
   Warden.test_mode!
diff --git a/spec/support/omniauth_macros.rb b/spec/support/omniauth_macros.rb
index 47ff191e..2cc94bc3 100644
--- a/spec/support/omniauth_macros.rb
+++ b/spec/support/omniauth_macros.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module OmniauthMacros
   # The mock_auth configuration allows you to set per-provider (or default)
   # authentication hashes to return during integration testing.
diff --git a/spec/support/save_feature_failures.rb b/spec/support/save_feature_failures.rb
index 2e0d33a9..432853b6 100644
--- a/spec/support/save_feature_failures.rb
+++ b/spec/support/save_feature_failures.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 # Automatically save the page a test fails
 Capybara.save_and_open_page_path = Rails.root.join('tmp', 'capybara')
 
diff --git a/spec/support/sidebar.rb b/spec/support/sidebar.rb
index 5d90ee42..47d9507d 100644
--- a/spec/support/sidebar.rb
+++ b/spec/support/sidebar.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module Sidebar
   def sidebar
     @conference = create(:conference)